7069SOH – Managing and Planning Resources in Healthcare Organisations Assignment Sample 2023
1. Introduction
The study is going to shed light on the importance of funding and resource management of India in order to provide suitable health care services to the common people. The funding model of the healthcare system in India is going to be illustrated here.
Along with this, health care funding of India will be critically compared with the funding model of the USA in order to determine the positive points as well as major drawbacks in reference to the patient’s concern. The study is going to focus on resource planning and management for conducting health care systems sustainably in India.
2. Identification of health care funding models and their impact on patient care and health service
The healthcare system of India Is publicly funded from the general tax of people. Indian people can get inpatient and outpatient care at government hospitals and facilities. India prioritized decentralized model health care service delivery where states and union territories are responsible for arranging health service at the primary stage.
However, the state and central governments operate health care service with the association of private stakeholders. It has been observed that Indian citizens often look after getting health care service from private institutions due to lack of supplies, resources and staff in the government facilities. However, health care service is completely free for the Indian citizen at government institutions and hospitals.
Along with this, the Indian government launched several health care schemes to make the private health facilities affordable to the people having low financial income. It includes the facility of secondary and tertiary health treatment including vital operations, surgery, and expensive treatment as well.
Different health care insurance schemes have been launched by the Indian government such as “Pradhan Msantri Jan Arogya Yojana” (PM JAY) or Ayushman Bharat, and “Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana” (PMSSY), which provide an insurance of 5 lakh rupees per family at free of cost to take advanced treatment at any government or private facilities. Besides this, there is a lot of health insurance private organizations that provide reliable insurance coverage in return of a minimum basic pay.
However, India still remains behind in the context of public health expenditure. It has accounted for 1.6% of GDP in the financial year of 2019. The Ministry of health and family welfare has allocated 67,112 crore Indian rupees for developing healthcare service and health research in the financial year of 2020-21, 3.9% more than the previous year (prsindia, 2021) However, 97% of the total amount (65,012 Crore IR) has been sanctioned for health and family welfare. All India Institute of Medical science (AIIMS) and Indian Council of medical research (ICMR) are some of the key autonomous bodies that control health care service and research in India.
Figure 1: Funding for Health care service in Crore
(Source: prsindia, 2021)
3. Critical Comparison and contrast between two different healthcare funding models
The Indian government has a public-private sponsorship healthcare service for the countrymen which is monitored by ministry of healthcare and welfare. The administration of the NHA (National Health Authority) is the main concerned authority to make important decisions and supervision on the overall healthcare system.The government of the India has resourced the funds for the healthcare budget from general taxation of different states and union territories.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the government has provided 12,150 Crore rupees only for improving the health infrastructure to resist the impact of destructive Coronaviurus (prsindia, 2021). NHA provides all the healthcare facilities free of cost to all the people that include general health checkups, operations, surgery, radiology, chemography, and many more in government hospital and institutions.
However, all the health care facilities may not available at the government facilities due to lack of staff and supplies. Henceforth, people often depend on private health facilities to have advanced treatment. It has been observed that only 1.6% of the total population of India comes under the income tax structure.
The healthcare budget raise by the NHA from income tax and general taxation has been equally distributed across all the provinces of the UK to develop the health infrastructure and quality of healthcare services. It includes the resources for various medical insurance schemes launched by the Indian government.
The NHA provides all the healthcare services to the people India without any expenses at government facilities; however, private health insurance programs are also available here for critical care services.
Figure 2: Health expenditure in the India
(Source:livemint, 2021)
On the contrary, The US government does not have any universal health care service for the people of that country. However, the government funds around 65% of the total healthcare expenses through different government schemes such as Medicare and Medicaid.
These government schemes covered various types of healthcare services and treatment for the countrymen. However, private insurance organizations play a significant role in the USA to provide required health care services to the common people. It has been observed that around 92.3 percent of people in the USA are covered with various healthcare insurance policies either government or private (commonwealthfund, 2021).
Henceforth, government and private stakeholders togetherly help to raise the fund for the healthcare budget in the US and create a hybrid funding model for healthcare.
4. Resource planning and management
The health service sector of the India is administered by the ministry of health and family welfare. The health budget of the nation is sanctioned from general taxation. The government provides around 67,000 Crore Indian rupees from the general taxation to the NHA to utilize it properly in order to develop the healthcare infrastructure across the country (msdmanuals, 2021).
The budget for the health service has been raised by 12000 crore IR by the health and family welfare ministry to encounter the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the year 2020-2021.
The NHA has looked over the quality of healthcare service and infrastructure in 28 states and 8 Union territories. However, state governments are primarily responsible for looking after health care service in their own provinces. As per the studies of Brandish et al. (2021), the fund raised from the general taxation has been utilized in developing healthcare centers, hospitals, implementing advanced health-related equipment.It is focused on providing high-quality free health service to the common people who do even have not the ability to afford the treatment as well.
It has been observed that 50% of the healthcare budget is being used in “National health mission” (NHM) for developing critical care units in various hospitals, providing free health services for general health check-ups, surgery, chemotherapy, or operation. The rest amount has been used for arranging health insurance schemes, conducting autonomous body, developing health research and many more.
5. Conclusion
The study has focused on the funding model of healthcare services in the India. The role and responsibility of the NHA (National Health Authority) have been evaluated to raise the funds from general taxation of the people of India to provide quality healthcare services free of cost at government institutions. The government of India has recently enhanced the health budget by 3.9% in the current financial years of 2020-2021.
All the people from different financial classes have been provided the same quality of healthcare services in government hospitals and health centres. On the other hand, the hybrid funding model for the healthcare system has been illustrated in the context of the USA.
The important contribution of government and private stakeholders in the healthcare industry of the USA has been evaluated. A critical comparison has been discussed between these two healthcare funding models of India and the USA.
Reference
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