7COM1084 Advanced Research topics in Computer Science
Title
“Identifying the importance of artificial intelligence in technological world”
Research areas
Artificial intelligence is the comprehensive branch of computer science focuses to build smart machines which is capable to perform task easily that typically required human intelligence. AI is an interdisciplinary science with various approaches, but machine learning advancement and wide learning develop paradigm shift in virtually every tech sector industry (Dick, 2019).
Moreover, AI is the key brand of computer science that aims to provide solution of the question that “Can machine think” AI is the answer of this question as it is the endeavour to replicate human intelligence in machines.
Figure 1: Artificial Intelligence
(Sources: Frot, 2021)
It is the computer system which able to perform tasks that generally needs human intelligence. Many of these AI systems are drive by the machine learning, and some of them are drive by vast learning and some of them are powered by rules. It generally falls under two categories like Narrow and sometimes called as ‘Weak AI’. It is generally operating within limited context and it powered by human intelligence (Frot, 2021). The second category is Artificial general intelligence or “Strong AI”. It is generally use to solve any problem as it is much like human being.
Aim: The present report main aim is to demonstrate artificial intelligence uses and its relation with computer science.
Objectives:
- To demonstrate artificial intelligence uses in human lives.
- To evaluate the AI relation with computer science and its importance.
Relation to computer science in general
Artificial intelligence is the combination of science and engineering in order to develop machines which is capable to behave intelligently. It connects the fields of philosophy, psychology, and computer science and drawn on brain science and linguistics. AI makes computer programmed more enhance as computers can do calculations but cannot learn to talk as well as a two-year-old child, but AI techniques makes it possible to talk with humans like Alexa and Siri.
Intelligent machines help to solve the problems about what intelligent is and how it works (Holzinger et. al. 2019). Sometimes it is easy to test theories and conduct experiments of intelligence by building intelligent machines rather than by analyse human beings. Thus, AI associate with other science and computer programs like psychology, and philosophy of mind.
Research question and methods
Research questions are important to carry out the study as it provides insight and opportunities to explore different areas of topic and influence to get answer of the questions which ultimately increase knowledge level (He et. al. 2019). According to the topic some questions are arise which needs to be addressed in order to carry out the study and these questions are:
- What is computer science and its research areas?
- What is artificial intelligence?
- How AI related with computer science?
In order to investigate these questions research methods will follow. Research methods are the specific process that is used to identify, select, process, and analyse the data and enable the research to carry out the research along with complete validity and reliability.
It is an essential part of the research which determines the methods that support to conduct the research (Lu et. al. 2018). The researcher requires to make use of the methods efficiently to meet report aims and objectives. In research methodology there are many areas through researchcan conduct which is discussed below:
Research philosophy– It is a belief about a phenomenon data should be collect, analyse and access. It helps to deal with nature, sources, and developing philosophy for the research. Mainly for types of research are used which is pragmatism, realism, interpretivism and positivism (Snyder, 2019). For the present study, positivism philosophy will use because it provides realistic and tangible information about artificial intelligence and its usage for human beings.
Research design– Designs helps to understand the investigation component logically and coherently. There are multiple categories provided to conduct the research which is casual, descriptive, exploratory. In order to analyse artificial intelligence usage and descriptive and experimental design will use as it provides practical knowledge which proves by experiment and theories can be defined through descriptive design.
Data collection– It is the main part of the research as entire study is depending on the collected data quality and accuracy. It is the process to collect, arrange, and analyse data on the variable of interest, in an established systematic process that enable to state collecting data, test hypotheses, and evaluate research.
There are two ways to collect data like primary where data collected from direct sources like interview, questionnaires, and observations (Khupe and Keane, 2017). Another method is secondary sources where data collected indirectly like articles, journals, and other sources which already collect and store. For the present study, secondary sources will use as it saves time, cost, and efforts and provide valid data about artificial intelligence.
Data analyse- It is the systematic process where statistical or logical techniques use to demonstrate, interpret, condense, and evaluate data. Analyse research finding is important to ensure data integrity. It helps to analyse all aspects of AI and its interrelation with computer science. It can be done through qualitative or quantitative methods. For the present study, qualitative method will use to know about the importance and usage of AI.
The above discussed research methods help to solve research questions as it is the effective method. Computer science is wide area of research as well as AI and it is important to use strong research methods which can cover all aspects of the topic. Further, the selected method also helps to analyse its present and future usage for humans and for organisations.
New areas of future research
Other than AI research there are lot of scope of research in computer science which provide comprehensive knowledge about the subject. Other two topics are discussed below:
Cyber security– Cyber security is the protection of the system which is connected from internet like hardware, software, and data from cyber risks (Gear et. al. 2018). The practice is typically used by individuals, organisations, and government to protect their valuable data against unauthorised access to data centres, other computerise operations, and from hackers or cyber criminals.
Data science– It also one of the fields of research that includes domain expertise, programming skills, and knowledge of statistics or mathematics to get valuable inputs from data. In return, these systems provide insight which can translate by analysts and business into tangible business value for example identification and forecasting of disease, detection of frauds, and potential shipping or logistics routes.
References
Books and Journals
Dick, S., (2019). Artificial intelligence.
Gear, C., Eppel, E. and Koziol-Mclain, J., (2018). Advancing complexity theory as a qualitative research methodology. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 17(1), p.1609406918782557.
He, J., Baxter, S.L., Xu, J., Xu, J., Zhou, X. and Zhang, K., (2019). The practical implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in medicine. Nature medicine, 25(1), pp.30-36.
Holzinger, A., Langs, G., Denk, H., Zatloukal, K. and Müller, H., (2019). Causability and explainability of artificial intelligence in medicine. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, 9(4), p.e1312.
Khupe, C. and Keane, M., (2017). Towards an African education research methodology: decolonising new knowledge. Educational Research for Social Change, 6(1), pp.25-37.
Lu, H., Li, Y., Chen, M., Kim, H. and Serikawa, S., (2018). Brain intelligence: go beyond artificial intelligence. Mobile Networks and Applications, 23(2), pp.368-375.
Snyder, H., (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, pp.333-339.
Online
Frot, M., 2021. 5 Trends in Computer Science Research. [Online] [Available Through]:<https://www.topuniversities.com/courses/computer-science-information-systems/5-trends-computer-science-research>
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