ENGM 116 Leadership and Management Assignment Sample
Module code and Title: ENGM 116 Leadership and Management Assignment Sample
Introduction
The leadership skills, which are said to be essential for an organization, always begin with encouraging and inspiring the teams. Successful project managers are the one who practices both effective and strong management skills. Leadership skills and management skills are different from each other. Leadership skills are mostly learned and could be improved whereas management skills can be achieved by good practice and experience. Effective leaders improve themselves with new leadership skills for complementing the managers who help them throughout their learning period. Professionals in project management, have expertise in implementing their methodologies of project management, applying advanced technologies in collaboration with a team, and the tools and techniques they imply in the management of the project. Sometimes, a successful project manager cannot become an effective leader as these two professions are different. Though they have some commonalities both of their performances are simply measured by how their team is following and performing in their workplace.
Chosen project
This assessment has been developed on the new Tottenham Hotspur stadium development project. The design and plans for the development of the new stadium began the end of 2014. The construction work for the new stadium ended at the end of 2019 (Populous, 2022).
Figure 1: The New Tottenham Hotspur Stadium (Source: Populous, 2022)
Figure 1 provided a glimpse of the newly developed stadium for the new stadium that are used as home games for the Tottenham football team. The stadium is also used for concert and NFL purposes. The responsibility for the new stadium development process was given to the Mace group.
Figure 2: Mace group construction process (Source: Football.london, 2022)
Figure 2 provides a glimpse of the construction work that was conducted by the Mace group officials for completing the stadium within 2019. The safety issues associated with the project was a major concern for the mace group management. The new stadium project has created approximately 3500 new jobs with the help of this new stadium and approximately 1700 people are employed directly in the stadium activities (Football.london, 2022). They ensured that all the safety measures are taken into consideration for completing this project within the given period. The time consumption process was another major concern for the 62,000-capacity stadium. The mace group officials adopted an approach of No-compromise associated with the safety of this multipurpose construction project.
Key issues for managing people within projects
Despite multiple resources available as project management tools, like training materials, and suitable methodologies, still some companies are spending huge amounts of money every year to tackle the challenges of project management and the issues they face. A project manager faces many issues such as-
Project Scope creep sometimes can become beneficial for completing an project. 54% of the project teams have reported facing this issue in the year 2018 and this kind of complaint is going upwards (Biesenthal et al. 2018). The manager faces this issue because of the clients who do not have any clear idea about what they require and provide vague concepts. This becomes the most huge project management challenge for both the team and managers.
It is extremely important in a project management team to communicate effectively to finish the project successfully. The manager requires transparent and timely methods of communication to assure that every stakeholder is included in the procedures. It is significant to make all the participants of the team acknowledge themselves as an important part of the team. At the same time, miscommunication becomes one of the most dangerous challenges for the project team because that affects the entire team and teamwork. It causes unnecessary conflicts between the team members and potentially delays the project. 32% of professionals from the US have stated that they have experienced communication as the biggest issue in managing a project (Cooper et al. 2018).
Clarity is required mostly in every field for achieving successful completion of the project and lack of clear goals builds various project management challenges. A study says that 40% of projects fail because of a lack of clarity in defining the project goals (García-Peñalvo et al. 2018). The project manager needs to set up some quality tests and project milestones as a way of determining the progress of the project. The managers need to discuss the aim of the project vividly with every member of the team at the very first.
Most managers are found to believe that financial issues can be the biggest challenge ineffective management of a project. 51% of manufacturing managers have reported that they face this issue of costing more often which prevents them from completing the project (Iatsyshyn et al. 2020). Through effective management of cost, they might avoid these complications and opt for a better outcome.
The performance of every team member and enough work force is a prime requirement of a project. Their performance relies upon their talent levels. The project manager can create an ideal environment but if the team does not have the potential to possess those necessary skills to tackle the issues then the project will certainly fail. Only by applying proper foresight and experience, a project manager could solve this issue.
A project team can perform well when every team member feels responsible and tries to do better in the role, which is assigned to them. The team members should at first feel the importance of the project and a lack of accountability on any participant of the team could sink the whole project.
Unrealistic deadlines can seriously discourage the team members even before beginning the job. They might start it with a flexible effort but the end product can get hampered because of impossible deadlines. An effective project manager will know from before how their project team is going to perform and avoids the timeline of the project by prioritizing the tasks of the project. Deficient risk management the project manager needs to have a clear foresight of their upcoming risks and contingency plans are required in the project management. It might not go exactly as planned because different variables can create impossibilities (Corti et al. 2019).
Impact of leadership and teamwork in people management
Leadership plays a significant role in ensuring the effective management of people within a project activity. A project is comprised of the following five primary categories
Project initiation
Project Planning
Project Execution
Project Monitoring
Project Closure
Implementation of an effective leadership process plays a significant role in creating a balance between the several project activities. Communication is essential among employees for achieving project outcomes (Maqbool et al. 2017). Employees get the relevant information regarding project activities due to effective communication within the organisation. The leadership style used by managers is critical in providing the necessary knowledge regarding a particular job role (Müller and Turner, 2017). Coordination of tasks becomes critical for leaders while managing a project. For example, the Tottenham hotspurs management team had to conduct several meetings with the Premier League management committee, FA (Football Association) and UEFA regarding the shifting of fixture lists according to the Wembley schedule.
The Wembley Stadium is responsible for holding the Championship playoffs and FA cup semi-finals and final. Therefore, the schedule of fixtures was needed to be managed properly by the Tottenham Hotspur management authorities for the continuation of fixtures without major difficulties. The management team of Tottenham were needed to maintain close contact with the Mace group officials, who were responsible for conducting the works associated with new stadiums.
Teamwork plays a productive role in completing project-related activities. Teamwork can help management to achieve the project targets in an efficient and effective process. Sharing of information becomes easier with the implementation of effective teamwork management. Leaders can segregate the roles and responsibilities of team members for increasing the productivity of the whole team (Meng and Boyd, 2017). Implementation of the segregation process within project activities helps leaders to implement an effective working environment within the organisation. Employees self-motivate themselves due to a productive and efficient team culture within the organisation.
Processes of improving Team Performance through effective leadership
Effective leadership plays a critical role in creating an effective culture and environment within an organisation. Adaptation of an appropriate leadership approach is critical for employees within a project (Lyubovnikova et al. 2017). Team performance improvement can be implemented using the following processes
Delegation of workflow is essential for improving team performance. Team members need to delegate the work among their employees for increasing work efficiency. Leaders can take the role of delegating the workflow among their employees due to their previous experience (Preuveneers and Joosen, 2017). Managers can segregate the complicated work activities among the experienced employees for achieving the desired work output. For example, the Mace group was responsible for the development of the new Tottenham Hotspur stadium (Macegroup, 2022). The Mace group management authorities conducted multiple meetings with the Tottenham authorities regarding their requirements associated with the project deliverables. The communication process helped the mace group to understand the requirements of the authorities of Tottenham. The information was critical for Mace group to manage their respective work teams. They appointed appropriate employees to implement an effective design process for the newly developed stadium.
Providing appropriate training is an effective process for improving the workflow and team performance of project employees. Leaders can use both online and offline processes to provide the necessary training for respective employees for improving their skills (Behrendt et al. 2017). Training programmes help leaders to implement an atmosphere of continuous improvements within the organisation which motivates the employees in a positive manner. Employee retention rate increases due to the training programmes organised by the management authorities.
Stakeholder management becomes an essential aspect of the management process, as leaders need to manage different aspects of the project though effective leadership process. The leadership process is critical, as shareholder management, process is critical for ensuring effective maintenance of project schedule (Xia et al. 2018).
Improving the performance of a particular team is co-related with the decision-making process adopted by organisational management. Employees associated with an organisation face several difficulties while conducting project activities (Bratton, 2020). Leaders need to consider the problems and areas of a gap within their organisation in the decision-making process. Considering the problematic areas within the decision-making process helps managers to improve the team’s performance. Team members realise their importance within the company as the organisation is thinking about their problems for improving the overall team performance (Jiang and Chen, 2018). A Decision-making process based on critical thinking helps leaders to implement a self-motivating culture within an organisation.
Factors affecting the quality of project or engineering activities
Following are the major factors associated with a construction project, that create problems for organisations to achieve the desired quality
Shortage of technical personnel: The project quality depends on the level of work implied by employees while conducting their respective job. Employees need to work collectively to achieve the desired project output. If there are shortages of employees inside a construction project, the desired level of quality will not be achieved by the management authority (Hussain et al. 2018). Management needs to ensure that they have enough experienced employees across each sector of a construction project for achieving the desired output.
Resource Misallocation: Construction projects are comprised of a variety of complex activities that require effective management of resources. The quality of the overall project will depend on ion the resource allocation processes the organisation will need to provide sufficient resources to complete each step of a construction project (Agrawal et al. 2018). For example, an organisation will need to acquire enough raw materials for completing the project execution stages of construction. The project execution stages will stop if there are no resources available for the organisation.
Financial fluctuation: Financial calculations play a significant role in achieving the desired quality for the overall project. A comprehensive financial overview is conducted at the b beginning of a construction projects. However, due to factors such as changes in inflation rates, increase in product prices and problems in supply-chain activities the management fails to achieve the desired level of quality associated with construction projects (Habibi et al. 2018). For example, the new Tottenham hotspurs stadium project has been developed keeping multiple activities in mind. The newly developed stadium will be used for football, NFL matches and Concerts. Therefore, the Mace group had to focus on arranging multiple resources for con ducting their construction operations.
Impact of Leadership style and team performance ensuring effective quality
The leadership style that was used for completing the new Tottenham Hotspur stadium was based on delegative leadership processes. The management of Tottenham were forced to choose the Wembley stadium as their home ground while the construction process for the new stadium began. The Tottenham management team implemented Mace group as the responsible authorities for completing the construction process for the new stadium. The transformative leadership approach was used by the Mace group for competing in the construction process of the new stadium (Maqbool et al. 2017). The north London area is one of the most congested areas in London and conducting the construction work was a challenge for the organisers due to multiple factors. First, the organisers were dealing with the challenges associated with health and safety measurements. After that the technological processes associated with the construction processes needed to be evaluated for achieving the desired quality.
The leadership style used for the development of the project was essential for the new stadium as the team was still playing across multiple competitions. The Tottenham management team to understand the overall progress of the stadium evaluated the progress of the stadium development processes. The financial resources associated with the proe4jct beware evaluated in the meetings between the club and Mace group officials.
The Team performance factors associated with the newly developed Tottenham project were critical in maintaining the desired quality levels. The club officials for analysing the areas of risk constantly evaluated the team performance. The team performance evaluation process was significant to completing the project within the stipulated period (Rathke, 2017). The fluctuations in the raw material prices were evaluated during the team performance measurement processes. The financial managers associated with the team’s performance evaluation conducted effective risks analysis during the project activities. The risks analysis process in the middle of the project activities helped the management team to implement an effective analysis of the overall project. The mace group management team and the club officials evaluated the remaining construction process to create new timelines for the project.
Concepts used by the Project manager for addressing human and quality issues within the project
Following processes were used for addressing the human qualities associated with a construction project
Implementation of feedback process: The feedback process plays a significant role in dealing with the complexities and issues associated with a construction project. The new stadium of Tottenham was developed for multipurpose reasons. The stadium employees were needed to provide positive updates to their respective superiors after completing several project activities within a stipulated period. The feedback provided by the employees was analysed by the Mace group management authorities for effective evaluation of the completed work. The technical aspect associated with the new stadium development process was essential for addressing the issues faced by the Mace group employees. Implementation of effective HR management policies was essential in implementing an effective work culture among the project activities (Müller and Turner, 2017).
The Mace group management authorities could have implemented effective changes to their operational activities if they used online processes for feedback collection. Daily feedback, weekly feedback and monthly feedback are multiple processes that could have been used by the Mace management authorities for improving the HR performance of the company. Implementation of an effective feedback collection process has provided an excellent opportunity for the organisation for improving the workplace environment associated with the new stadium construction project.
The quality management process associated with the new stadium construction process was completed using the scheduled monitoring processes. The Mace group authorities completed the first checking after completion of particular project activities. After the initial checking was completed the Club management was involved in the quality checking procedures associated with the newly developed stadiums. After the completion of the second checking process by the club officials, photos and video of the work progress were released to the public with the help of social media platforms and club TV channels. The process associated with the quality management cloud has been improved significantly by applying modern technologies into the operations (Wolfenden et al. 2018). The video conferencing processes could have been included in the quality management processes for improving the productivity of the employees. Live sessions of the important construction activities could have been included in the quality management process to increase the effect6ibvemness of the involved employees. The management could have included industry officials in managing the overall output of the construction project.
Implementation of an effective risks analysis process could have been included in the stadium development process for improving the quality management process. The quality issues associated with finance and processes cloud have been minimised using the risks evaluation processes. The employees could have improved their performance if a constant evaluation process was included in the stadium development process. The project managers of the Mace group were needed to involve the industry experts to analyse the final output associated with major activities within the project. Project managers needed to conduct a constant evaluation of resources for finding difficulties associated with project resources (Wu et al. 2017). The evaluation process cloud has included raw materials evaluation and technical incorporations associated with the project. The technological evaluation process could have increased the time required for completing the project activities associated with the newly developed stadium.
Conclusion
It can be concluded that this assignment has been developed to provide an overview regarding the important factors associated with a construction projects and the impact of leadership for completing a construction projects. This assignment has been developed by focusing on the construction of the new Tottenham Hotspur Stadium development project that was completed in 2019 (Football.london, 2022). The Mace group management team completed the construction activities, as the project was essential for increasing the brand image of the club.
The management activities that was used in completing this construction work was delegative leadership style as the Mace group officials had to maintain close contact with the club officials to discuss the progress of the construction process. Resource misallocation, financial fluctuations has been mentioned as processes that might affect the quality of the engineering activities. Performance evaluation and development progress was the major activities that were discussed while analysing then impact of leadership on ensuring project quality.
Reference list
Agrawal, A., Catalini, C., Goldfarb, A. and Luo, H., 2018. Slack time and innovation. Organization Science, 29(6), pp.1056-1073.
Behrendt, P., Matz, S. and Göritz, A.S., 2017. An integrative model of leadership behavior. The leadership quarterly, 28(1), pp.229-244.
Biesenthal, C., Clegg, S., Mahalingam, A., and Sankaran, S., 2018. Applying institutional theories to managing megaprojects. International Journal of Project Management, 36(1), pp.43-54.
Bratton, J. ed., 2020. Organizational leadership. Sage.
Cooper, R.G. and Sommer, A.F., 2018. Agile–Stage-Gate for Manufacturers: Changing the Way New Products Are Developed Integrating Agile project management methods into a Stage-Gate system offers both opportunities and challenges. Research-Technology Management, 61(2), pp.17-26.
Corti, L., Van den Eynden, V., Bishop, L., and Woollard, M., 2019. Managing and sharing research data: A guide to good practice. Sage.
Football.london, 2022. Who are Mace? The building contractors responsible for the new Tottenham stadium.[Online].Available at:https://www.football.london/tottenham-hotspur-fc/news/who-mace-building-contractors-responsible-15029073.[Accessed 28th April 2022]
García-Peñalvo, F.J., Reimann, D. and Maday, C., 2018. Introducing coding and computational thinking in the schools: The TACCLE 3–coding project experience. In Computational thinking in the STEM disciplines (pp. 213-226). Springer, Cham.
Habibi, M., Kermanshachi, S. and Safapour, E., 2018, April. Engineering, procurement and construction cost and schedule performance leading indicators: state-of-the-art review. In Proceedings of Construction Research Congress (pp. 2-4). New Orleans, Louisiana: ASCE.
Hussain, S., Fangwei, Z., Siddiqi, A.F., Ali, Z. and Shabbir, M.S., 2018. Structural equation model for evaluating factors affecting quality of social infrastructure projects. Sustainability, 10(5), p.1415.
Iatsyshyn, A.V., Kovach, V.O., Lyubchak, V.O., Zuban, Y.O., Piven, A.G., Sokolyuk, O.M., Iatsyshyn, A.V., Popov, O.O., Artemchuk, V.O. and Shyshkina, M.P., 2020. Application of augmented reality technologies for education projects preparation.
Jiang, Y. and Chen, C.C., 2018. Integrating knowledge activities for team innovation: Effects of transformational leadership. Journal of Management, 44(5), pp.1819-1847.
Lyubovnikova, J., Legood, A., Turner, N. and Mamakouka, A., 2017. How authentic leadership influences team performance: The mediating role of team reflexivity. Journal of business Ethics, 141(1), pp.59-70.
Macegroup, 2022. Tottenham Hotspur New Stadium Development.[Online].Available at: https://www.macegroup.com/projects/tottenham-hotspur-stadium.[Accessed 24th April 2022]
Maqbool, R., Sudong, Y., Manzoor, N. and Rashid, Y., 2017. The impact of emotional intelligence, project managers’ competencies, and transformational leadership on project success: An empirical perspective. Project Management Journal, 48(3), pp.58-75.
Meng, X. and Boyd, P., 2017. The role of the project manager in relationship management. International Journal of Project Management, 35(5), pp.717-728.
Müller, R. and Turner, J.R., 2017. Project-oriented leadership. Routledge.
Populous, 2022. Tottenham Hotspur Stadium.[Online].Available at:https://populous.com/project/tottenham-hotspur-football-club.[Accessed 28th April 2022]
Preuveneers, D. and Joosen, W., 2017. Access control with delegated authorization policy evaluation for data-driven microservice workflows. Future Internet, 9(4), p.58.
Rathke, A., 2017. An examination of expected goals and shot efficiency in soccer. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 12(2), pp.514-529.
Wolfenden, L., Goldman, S., Stacey, F.G., Grady, A., Kingsland, M., Williams, C.M., Wiggers, J., Milat, A., Rissel, C., Bauman, A. and Farrell, M.M., 2018. Strategies to improve the implementation of workplace‐based policies or practices targeting tobacco, alcohol, diet, physical activity and obesity. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (11).
Wu, G., Liu, C., Zhao, X. and Zuo, J., 2017. Investigating the relationship between communication-conflict interaction and project success among construction project teams. International Journal of Project Management, 35(8), pp.1466-1482.
Xia, N., Zou, P.X., Griffin, M.A., Wang, X. and Zhong, R., 2018. Towards integrating construction risk management and stakeholder management: A systematic literature review and future research agendas. International Journal of Project Management, 36(5), pp.701-715.
Know more about UniqueSubmission’s other writing services:
