Project Management Methodologies Assignment Sample
Introduction
Project Management is the specific application of procedures, methods, skills, experience, and knowledge for the achievement of the specific objectives of the project as per the criteria of the project acceptance within the agreed parameters. The management of the project is in possession of final deliverables, which are taken into consideration to finite the budget as well as the scale of time. The important aspect, which seems to be distinguishing the management of the project for just the management is that it is in possession of the specific finite span of time and the final deliverable, unlike the management which can be considered a constant procedure (San Cristóbal et.al., 2018). Due to this, professionals of project are in requirement of a broader range of skills, due to the technical skills, specifically the skills of people in terms of project management along with an awareness of good business. The project will be considered unique, along with a transient endeavor, as well as undertaken for the achievement of the planned objectives that could be described in terms of benefits, outcomes as well as outputs.
Literature Review
Over the past couple of years, and more significantly projects in the past have been in use as a mechanism of the delivery for doing business, along with the accomplishment of the objectives. It has taken the place of professions that are growing fast on a global basis. Though there is availability of different descriptions of project in literature, Tuman (1983) happens to offering the best, stating that the project is a specific organization to a certain purpose and an objective. In general, projects seem to be involving expensive, unique and larger undertaking of high risk that must be completed by a specific date for a specific amount of money with an expecting level in terms of the performance.
The process of Project Management
Every project is considered to be having a well described objective along with sufficient resources for carrying out every task in requirement. According to Selvin and Pinto (1998), the specific characteristic of the project is a described start and end, goals that are pre-ordained, along with a set of goals, and limited budget and a series of activities that are either interrelated or complex.
Factors of successful and unsuccessful project management
According to Armenia (2019) numerous factors are covered by the project management, which are crucial to the success of the project inclusive of the PSA (project service automation). The specific factors are often regarded as the KRA (key result areas) as well as the CSF (critical success factors). The activities of the critical success factors, which adhere to the quality of higher standards helping people in meeting the goals of the project along with providing in the prioritization of the tasks for meeting the goals of the project. With proper implementation, the critical success factors shall make it clear that the steps needed by the team for tackling the project first, and the things that they should pay attention to. They also seem to be allowing for betterment of collaboration between the team members. The factors for successful project include the following-
Planning intensively
Prior to the start of a project, taking the time for sitting down for an extensive session of planning, describing the targets of the performance, coming to a consensus regarding the getup of the project, along with finalizing the plan with the clients. Improper planning of the initiation of the project might cause of missing the issues that are underlying along with the details, which shall cause the issues further down the road. It is considered to be tempting for getting caught up within the new technology and methods along with overlooking the goal of the strategy of the company, along with the reason behind doing the project in the first place.
Clarity in Communication
The best success factors in terms of project management shall fail without any proper and clear communication. Having conversations that are insightful and candid conversations shall help in increasing the buy-in from the shareholders and the employees alike. Taking the initiative along with bringing up the issues seem to be arising within the project. Do not seem to be leaving it until the client helps in pointing it out (Stanitsas et.al., 2021).
Management of a project from start to end is usually considered to be a challenge, which is in requirement of a lot of work, involvement, and rigor. It is considered to be a worthwhile investment when the projects get to the end in terms of success; however, in spite of the best efforts of the team, several projects can fail every single year. As per the 4PM, most of the companies are seeing 75% of failure of the projects. This is considered to be the source of the significant loss of finance for the companies, along with the employees that seem to be demotivating. There are several reasons, which have the ability of leading to the failure of the project-
Unclear goals
Every project has to meet the certain objectives and if any objective is not within clear description or any kind of change, the team will have difficulty within its achievement. For instance, if any ship does not have any knowledge regarding the destination, it seems to be risking getting lost at the sea along with using every resource just for staying afloat.
Lack of risk management
In the management of the project, there is nothing called zero-risk, and only few projects go smoothly. Shortage in terms of raw materials, resignation of a member of a team, different breakdowns, etc., that are not thought about regarding the up stream of the solution inclusive of a circumstance that can quickly turn to a certain kind of disaster, along with the precipitation of the project in the direction of failure (Müller et.al., 2020).
Improving project management
According to Svejvig (2021) starting through the establishment of the objective precisely through the usage of the method of SMART (specific, measurable, acceptable, realistic, and bound to time). The team shall have knowledge regarding the ways in which the team shall go, along with the ability of doing everything for the achieving the goal on time.
There is also a constant requirement of being prepared for facing any kind of issue, which might arise during the course of the project. For this, it is necessary for setting up the management of the risk from the beginning of the project. Identification of the potential risks for the betterment of prevention, limitation and even for the elimination through the consideration of the actions that are both corrective as well as preventive, which can be implemented if or when they arise (Svejvig 2021). Hair (2021) argues that software of project management inclusive of Wimi can be considered an ideal tool for the projects. It allows the organizations for following the project progress with ease, promotion of the collaboration between the members of the team, centralizing every document and much more.
Project Management methods, tools, and techniques
Prince2
PRINCE2 is the specific method based on process for the effective management of the project and shall help in giving the initial skills of becoming a successful manager of the project. It is considered to be standing for the Projects in Controlled Environment, and is in use as well as recognition on a global basis. The specific method is considered to be entirely scalable, and the update that is most recent to the specific framework means that it can be tailored with ease to every project that is undertaken. Businesses following the methodology of PRINCE2, the projects shall benefit from a consistent and common approach, start that is organized, and the middle and the end being controlled properly, regularity in the reviews of progress against the plan, and assurance that the project is in continuity for having justification for the business.
APMBOK
The projects are considered to be relying on individuals for the delivery of change. The specific teams are in requirement of a combination of the couple of skills for doing the work along with a method of structure and the framework within which the specific work can take place. Without both the skills in place, the specific project is considered to be failing to gain the objectives. As per Larsson (2020), collectively, both PRINCE2 and APMBOK helps in providing both the necessary elements. There are documents that helps in explaining the ways in which the project will be completed, along with providing a guidance to make decisions regarding the specific path. The Association of Project Management does not seem to be providing and advocating a specific method instead of a framework within which the specific project can be run (Larsson et.al., 2020). The APMBOK helps in the identification of the significant areas of knowledge that those are working within projects that require to apply as well as know.
PMBOK
The project management is considered to be standing for the project management body of knowledge, and it is also considered to be the overall collection in terms of beat practices, procedures, terminologies, best practices along with the guidelines, which are accepted as standard within the specific industry of the project management. It is considered to be valuable for organizations as it helps the business in the standardized practices across different segments, tailoring the procedures for suiting certain requirements and preventing failures of the project.
Legal and ethical considerations
Tuman (1983) states that in the world of the project management, the ethics are considered to be playing a significant role in a regular behaviors and interactions. Ethics are considered to be enabling the stakeholders, employees, taxpayers, vendors for sleeping at night knowing the professionals of the project management held for strict higher standards, while making decisions or acting on their behalf for the execution of the projects.
Ethical Issues that rise in the process of Project Management
There is availability of numerous ethical lines that can be crossed in management of the project. The larger the project, the more opportunities will help in bringing the project in on budget and on schedule. However, managers of project along with other stakeholders are considered to be turning a blind eye to activities that can be questionable. Some of the ethical issues that might arise include accountability, culture within the workplace, conflicts of interests, concerns regarding health and safety, etc.
How to manage legal and ethical considerations in the process of Project Management
Ethics in project management is considered to be a necessary ingredient for managing the projects. As per the institute of project management, ethics is regarding making the best possible decisions that concerns resources, people as well as the environment (Picciotto 2020). Choices of ethics might help in diminishing the risks, advancements in the results with positivity, increasing trust, determination of success for a longer period of time along with building reputations.
Conclusion
Taking the initiative along with bringing up the issues seem to be arising within the project. Do not seem to be leaving it until the client helps in pointing it out. Management of a project from start to end is usually considered to be a challenge, which is in requirement of a lot of work, involvement, and rigor. It is considered to be a worthwhile investment when the projects get to the end in terms of success; however, in spite of the best efforts of the team, several projects can fail every single year. The important aspect, which seems to be distinguishing the management of the project for just the management is that it is in possession of the specific finite span of time and the final deliverable, unlike the management which can be considered a constant procedure. Due to this, professionals of project are in requirement of a broader range of skills, due to the technical skills, specifically the skills of people in terms of project management along with an awareness of good business.
Reference
Armenia, S., Dangelico, R.M., Nonino, F. and Pompei, A., 2019. Sustainable project management: A conceptualization-oriented review and a framework proposal for future studies. Sustainability, 11(9), p.2664.
Chen, T., Fu, M., Liu, R., Xu, X., Zhou, S. and Liu, B., 2019. How do project management competencies change within the project management career model in large Chinese construction companies?. International Journal of Project Management, 37(3), pp.485-500.
Hair, J.F. and Sarstedt, M., 2021. Explanation plus prediction—The logical focus of project management research. Project Management Journal, 52(4), pp.319-322.
Larsson, J. and Larsson, L., 2020. Integration, application and importance of collaboration in sustainable project management. Sustainability, 12(2), p.585.
Müller, R., Drouin, N. and Sankaran, S., 2019. Modeling organizational project management. Project Management Journal, 50(4), pp.499-513.
Picciotto, R., 2020. Towards a ‘New Project Management’movement? An international development perspective. International Journal of Project Management, 38(8), pp.474-485.
San Cristóbal, J.R., Carral, L., Diaz, E., Fraguela, J.A. and Iglesias, G., 2018. Complexity and project management: A general overview. Complexity, 2018.
Stanitsas, M., Kirytopoulos, K. and Leopoulos, V., 2021. Integrating sustainability indicators into project management: The case of construction industry. Journal of Cleaner Production, 279, p.123774.
Svejvig, P., 2021. A Meta-theoretical framework for theory building in project management. International Journal of Project Management, 39(8), pp.849-872.
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