32601 Assignment Sample – Advanced Project Management 2023
1. Introduction
Project management plays a significant role in determining the success of a business. It includes the management of every business aspect and operations including productivity, quality controlling, employee engagement, customer management, marketing, and sales of an organization. Social networking helps to build relationships with the stakeholders in order to guide a project towards success. Henceforth, building strong and healthy relationships with all the stakeholders is important to achieve sustainability.
Thus, social networking is an intangible aspect of project management. This study is going to focus on the role of social networking in project management. The contribution of social networking in building relationships with stakeholders will also be evaluated here. Furthermore, the limitations of social networking in project management will be assessed in this report.
2. Discussion
2.1. Research questions
- Is social networking an important intangible aspect of project management and did it contribute to improving leadership skills for the successful delivery of project objectives?
2.2. Point of views
Project leadership has tangible and intangible aspects that contribute to completing a project by maintaining quality and standard of outcomes transparency and appropriate leadership. According to the view of Zheng et al. (2017), both tangible and intangible aspects are important as tangible aspects are associated with a total output of financial gain and project quality, however, intangible aspects include the satisfaction of internal and external stakeholders from the performances of project leadership in completing a specific project.
The development of internet platforms and modern communication tools and techniques has transformed traditional process management strategies into digital project management strategies. As per the view of Lampropoulos and Siakas (2018), social networking contributes to building brand identity in the competitive environment and helps project management companies in identifying potential customers effectively.
The transformation has included multiple advanced approaches for connecting with internal and external stakeholders of specific projects for sharing of viewpoints and flow of information continuously. In the words of Simons (2018), social networking has become an important part of establishing relationships with internal and external stakeholders including investors, customers, and suppliers.
There are multiple areas for intangible aspects of product leadership that play a significant role in project deliveries and final outcomes. The developed question on social networking as an intangible aspect of project management refers to whether social networking is important for project success or not. Based on the understanding and existing literature on project management, social networking has multiple roles in providing satisfaction and assurance to the customers for expecting quality products and services.
In the words of Quade et al. (2020), the major contribution of social networking by using appropriate social media platforms including LinkedIn, Twitter, email and Facebook helps in connecting with targeted customers effectively. Higher ratings and positive responses in video social media by previous customers attract new buyers for availing services of particular companies based on their convenience and budget.
Increasing brand awareness, boosting of sales, improvement of project management technique as per buying behaviour of customers and maximum effort in maintaining good marketing performances are positive contributions of social networking in project leadership and Management. Therefore, it can be stated that social networking is an important intangible aspect of project management for the successful delivery of project objectives.
According to the view of Zhang et al. (2018), social networking helps in developing an estimation of quality and outcome of services available from a company in the mind of customers and fulfilment of all the requirements contributes to maximum client satisfaction. This process contributes to the development of future business scope for project management companies and helps them in developing loyal customer channels.
Social media platforms enforce business leaders in adopting modern communication techniques and processes for connecting with target customers by understanding their psychology and behaviour. In the words of Latiffi and Zulkiffli, (2021), the development of particular content for social networking sites demands marketing research for understanding preferences, services and the necessity of customers in the local and international marketplace.
Conducting market research, analysis of customer buying behaviour and development of content for establishing social networking plays a significant role in improving leadership skills especially communication strategy, analysis skills and observational skills. It helps project managers in gaining the trust and loyalty of customers and suppliers for profit maximization and offering quality services (Floris et al., 2020).
Consideration of an assertive communication strategy for negotiating with external stakeholders is one of the most important leadership skills that can be learnt from social networking activities. According to the view of Owen (2020), assertive communication strategies help in win-win results in the negotiation process for the finalization of deals.
Therefore, from the viewpoint of understanding social networking and existing literature associated with project leadership, it can be stated that social networking activities contribute to improving the latest skills. It also helps in the successful delivery of project objectives by understanding customer requirements and availing maximum opportunities of market competition.
2.3. Limitations of social networking in project managements
Social networking is a key intangible aspect of project leadership and plays a significant role in the professional development of project managers for fulfilling the requirements of multiple projects.
Apart from that, it has multiple limitations that can bring negativity for marketing and business performance is opposite management companies by creating their areas in their client retention and project delivery process. As argued by Floris et al. (2020), the major limitations of social networking in project management are time-consuming, the requirement of skilled employees, investment, creativity and possibilities of negative publicity.
Time consumption: development of social networking for connecting with targeted clients and suppliers required maximum time for project managers. According to the view of Holt et al. (2018), providing replies and initiating communication with interested groups demanded most of the time on social networking sites.
Therefore, it can be stated that the requirement of time for the development of content for social media platforms and communicating with different people for the identification of appropriate clients and suppliers is a major limitation of social networking in project management. As argued by Floris et al. (2020), these limitations can result in a challenge for effective time management as project managers for achieving organisational goals and objectives and fulfilling financial requirements.
However, consuming maximum time on social media platforms for developing networking also divert the concentration and attention of project managers from their activities including maintenance of team roles and motivating employees to provide the best efforts.
Requirement of social media skill employees: Engaging in social networking activities demand knowledge and understanding of social media platforms and how the millennials are engaged in different internet platforms. According to the view of Holt et al. (2018), understanding digitalization is a necessity for project managers for considering social networking as an important part of their Project leader.
The major problem arises for senior project managers who had completed studies in the 20th century without the internet and digital platform. Learning and engaging in social media platforms becomes very challenging for them due to minimum knowledge of the Internet and digital marketing.
Therefore, requirements of Internet skills for project managers to avail the opportunities of social networking can be considered as a major limitation that has the ability to reduce the potentiality and capabilities of companies. It also results in limitations of career growth for old employees who have low knowledge of digitalization and social networking (Iordanoglou, 2018).
Financial investment: Development of social media advertisement for networking with interested groups and targeted customers required to use the financial investment for cyber security and content creation. Therefore, the necessity of financial investment for connecting with people in order to develop a group of efficient stakeholders for performing activities of project management is a major limitation that creates barriers in budget management and financial growth of companies.
In the words of Nu’man et al. (2020), demanding a budget for social media advertising negatively affects existing financial plans that have been used by the company over years and enforce adaptation of organisational changes for adjustment with new requirements and marketing scenarios.
Innovation and creativity: Another potential limitation associated with social networking is that has the ability to create challenges for project leaders in management requirements of innovation and creativity in content development. According to the view of Nurbasari et al. (2019), in social media platforms, interesting content attracts maximum views and contributes to the development of relationships.
However, managing to create innovative and creative content on a daily basis for the establishment of a strong social networking profile is very challenging for project managers. It requires maximum time and effort for maintaining a social media platform in order to continue engagement with customers from competitive marketing environments. Therefore, the requirement of developing creative and innovative content regularly can be considered as a major limitation of social networking activities that can hamper the performance and effectiveness of project managers for leading multiple projects.
Possibilities of negative publicity: Social media platforms spread news faster than any other broadcast media or traditional platforms. In the words of Nu’man et al. (2020), information from over social media platforms has no geographical boundaries and provides minimum opportunities for controlling views by content developers.
From this viewpoint, the possibility of negative publicity in the social media platform by satisfying customers is a major threat. Therefore, the higher possibilities of negative publicity and chances of damaging brand identity in a competitive marketing environment is a major limitation of social networking for project management.
Difficulties in maintaining the interest of the audience: The market competition has rapidly increased after the emergence of social media platforms because of the availability of multiple agencies and service providers to the limited number of targeted audiences.
As argued by Floris et al. (2020), another potential limitation of social networking that negatively influences project leadership challenges is maintaining the interest of the audience based on changing marketing trends and transformation of consumer buying behaviour. Development of social content with boarding and repetitive elements results in unable to retain customers and audiences by companies.
Visibility of problems: maintenance of secrecy about problems and issues in the project management age of the internet is very complicated. Information got leaked from different sources and created problems for maintaining internet issues only to the internal stakeholders.
Therefore, it can be stated that visibility of internal problems arising during project management is a major limitation and drawback of social networking that can result in an increase of negative publicity in the competitive environment. As argued by Floris et al. (2020), surfing of internal problems in front of investors and external stakeholders can have a negative impact on multiple activities of managing projects including reduction of budget and low interest of stakeholders.
2.4. Rationale of research questions
In the current competitive environment, maintenance of client satisfaction is a huge challenge because of higher expectations and a competitive pricing market. According to the view of Floris et al. (2020), maintenance of the good quality of services at a minimum cost due to maximum market competition is a major issue for project management.
The development of social networking platforms for connecting with targeted clients from local and international marketplaces has created competitive pricing issues for project management companies. Customers always expected good services at a minimum cost due to the availability of multiple alternatives in the marketplace.
Therefore, maintenance of quality in project delivery by influencing through intangible aspects “social networking” in project leadership is a major problem. Changing macro-environmental factors and customer buying behaviour continuously results in demand for new leadership skills for conflict management and maintaining good relationships with clients.
Effective management of social networking form by project leaders is a role due to multiple responsibilities that rely on dam for successful project completion. According to the view of Zhang, Cao and Wang (2018), the development of appropriate project plans and Advertising strategies for connecting with target customers and essential stakeholders is becoming more challenging with social networking development.
Social networking sites have opened multiple opportunities for project managers for connecting with people and create challenges for appreciating them through tough competition. The development of a differentiation strategy for connecting with targeted stakeholders is necessary for continuing revenue generation by project management companies by connecting with essential stakeholders through social networking sites.
Receiving a positive response from social networking sites can be considered as a positive intangible aspect because it provides motivation and encouragement for providing best efforts by project leaders for the achievement of project deliveries.
The development research question shed light on the importance of social networks in project management and their contribution and leadership skill development as project managers. According to the view of Zhang, Cao and Wang (2018), analysing the capabilities of social networking in improving project management practices can contribute to the improvement of marketing strategy and customer retention process of project management companies.
It can also contribute to, the establishment of strong relationships with suppliers and customers with an assertive communication strategy for the achievement of long term organisational goals and creating business scopes. Engage in social networking activities contribute to the skill development of project leaders by improving their analysing, communication and marketing skills for profit maximization.
The developed research questions potentiality for exploring multiple aspects and consequences of project leadership and its relationship with social networking. It can also help in understanding key transformation in project management strategy by the interference of intangible aspects of social networking.
The major benefit of raising questions on the relationship between social networking and literacy skills is reviewing relevant literature for the identification of major relationships between both variables and the development of advanced project management strategies for continuous organisational growth and development (Latiffi and Zulkiffli, 2021).
2.5 Role of social networking in project leaderships
Social networking has become one of the key aspects associated with project management that helps to meet project objectives. It helps in identifying opportunities and enhancing project outcomes by effective interactions among all the stakeholders. Nowadays, social networking has become one of the intangible parts to communicate with employees, subsidiaries, and customers in order to guide the project towards success.
As per the view of Nu’man et al. (2020), leaders play a significant role in the success of a business project with their leadership skills in communication, risk management, employee management, and customer handling. Henceforth, leading organizations have begun to implement social networking sites to communicate to employees to guide them properly in the direction of meeting targets.
It also helps in interacting with potential customers to identify their requirements and influence purchasing behaviour. The role of social networking in project leadership is going to be addressed in the below section:
Identifying risk factors
Social networking helps business leaders to identify major constraints that can create hindrances in the success of a project. Therefore, many organizations use their own social networking site to interact with the people who are associated with various levels and operations in a specific project. As per the view of Cullen-Lester et al. (2017), social networking assists business leaders to get overall depth knowledge on the project through effective communication.
Henceforth, it becomes easier to identify any specific risk factors that create or may create barriers to the project’s progress. Social networking helps leaders to assess and monitor the project by analyzing all the key aspects of a business.
Innovating effective strategies
Innovation is one of the key success factors that influence the sustainability of a project. Social networking gives the opportunity for business leaders to hold meetings with the higher management and the employees of the Research and development (R&D) team. As opined by Lewis et al. (2018), it is important to identify major challenges and consult with the management body to innovate new business ideas.
However, decision-making ability is necessary for a leader to make an innovative idea into effective implement strategies. Therefore, social networking provides the opportunity to gather information and suggestions from surrounding sources which may lead to innovative new strategies for developing project outcomes.
Team building and employee engagement
Team building is one of the key roles of utilizing social networking in project management. As per the studies of Tajvidi et al. (2020), team building activities need to be promoted for enhancing bonding and mutual understanding among the team members which can improve team performance. Team performance is directly related to the project objectives and outputs.
Thus, it is essential to build a proper team to meet project targets within the deadline. Furthermore, employee engagement is required to enhance the deduction of the employees toward their duty to give their best to meet the project goals. Social networking sites have been used in different organizations to interact with the employee at different levels to share ideas to improve the overall performance (Nu’man et al. 2020).
Effective communication through social networking assists in building mutual understanding which improves team performance as well. It helps leaders to mitigate key issues in project progress by developing innovative ideas and directing the team towards meeting the desired target.
Gathering information on a specific project
Gathering information on a specific project has become easier due to the development of technology. Social networking is one of the key sources of collecting information from similar types of projects.
Leaders can access the experience of project management by interacting with experienced business executives through social networking. Besides this, articles, blogs published on social networking sites help in gathering knowledge to direct a project towards success.
Establishing strong relationships among the stakeholders
Creating relationships among the key stakeholders is one of the major roles of social networking in reference to project management. As cited by Tajvidi et al. (2021), the success of a project significantly depends on communication among the key stakeholders. Social networking sites help leaders to interact with different stakeholders including investors, suppliers, distributors, retailers, employees, and consumers to know about everyone’s perspective.
The perspectives of all the stakeholders need to be assessed to improve project management and outcomes. Communication among the stakeholders through social networking assists in analyzing current business scenarios and preparing future plans to ensure the project meets its proclaimed objectives.
Figure 1: Role of Social networking in project management
(Source: Viglia, Pera, and Bigné, 2018)
Effective communication with customers
The success of a project is related to its deliverables and targeted objectives. As opined by de Oliveira and Rabechini (2019), the financial outcome of a project depends on customer engagement and customer satisfaction. It is important to identify the requirements of the customers to satisfy them with quality deliverables. Henceforth, social networking sites and software helps business leaders to interact with loyal customers to collect information on their feedback, and needs to identify the arrears of improvement.
Social networking not only assists in collecting feedback from the customer but also helps in influencing customers’ purchasing behaviour with interesting interaction and offering the best deals to potential customers. Business leaders utilize social networking to gather information on market trends to set project objectives according to the trend to ensure the success of the project.
Promoting products or services to influence customers buying behaviour
Social networking sites are majorly used in promoting project deliverables such as products or services. Business leaders most often use digital marketing to enhance sales rates and organizational performance these days. Social networking uses one of the key aspects of digital marketing to reach the maximum number of potential mysteries in a short period of time.
Short advertisements featuring product details and attractive offers are uploaded on the social networking sites to impress customers and influence customer buying behaviour as well (Lewis et al. 2018). It helps in enhancing sales rate and organization growth through effective project management by using social networking.
2.6 Contribution of social networking in establishing relationships with stakeholders
It has been identified that social networking is used in building relationships among the stakeholders in a business. Social networking is mainly used to interact with different people in order to meet the objectives of a project. As per the view of Viglia, Pera, and Bigné (2018), it is important to engage all the stakeholders and establish strong relationships among them to develop productivity, logistic management, supply chain, and sales of an organization. Thus, social networking plays a significant role in building relationships among key stakeholders.
It has been observed that all the leading organizations in the UK use social networking platforms to interact with investors and suppliers. As opined by Leonidou et al. (2020), capital investment and supply of raw materials are two prime success factors for project management. Henceforth, constant interaction among the investors and subordinates is required to raise funds and resources needed in a specific project.
Many organizations in the UK have developed their own social networking sites to interact and communicate with key investors. Along with this, suppliers need to be kept in direct touch to ensure a continuous flow of resource input during the progress of the project. ProofHub, Filestage, Zoom, and Microsoft Teams are some of the majorly used social networking software that has been used for engaging stakeholders and continuing effective communication to ensure the success of the project.
Social networking helps in team building and enhancing employee engagement in order to enhance organizational performance. Most of the large-scale and medium-scale organizations in the UK utilize social networking as the medium of interaction among the employees to share their issues and ideas which can help an organization in making risk management and innovation strategies. Moreover, consumers are one of the prime stakeholders in any business.
Henceforth, engaging customers with the project’s objective and effective interaction are required to enhance organization sustainability (Pang et al. 2018). Customer management tools are used to communicate with consumers in order to collect feedback and important information on customers’ demands.
Social networking platforms such as Facebook, Pinterest, Instagram, Twitter, and Snapchat are used these days for reaching the maximum number of customers with product information, short advertisements, and attractive deals. It helps in enhancing sales rate, customer retention, and organization growth as well.
Social networking also assists in searching for new stakeholders based on their common interests in order to expand the business and develop project management. Nowadays, localization of business has become one of the key success factors especially in the context of business globalization. Therefore, it is essential to keep continuous connection with local business stakeholders including suppliers, distributors, local business administrators, and employees to conduct all the operations sustainably.
Thus, social networking has been used as a mode of interaction with the local stakeholders to keep updated about the progress of projects (Scuotto et al., 2017). Sometimes, social networking has been used to collect information about new stakeholders who share common objectives and are interested in contributing to organizational goals.
Digital marketing has become one of the key ways to promote project deliverables among a maximum number of people. As per the studies of Leonidou et al. (2020), social networking platforms have been used these days as an integrated part of digital marketing to interact with a huge base of potential customers, promote deliverables.
Hence, social networking helps in engaging customers and making a healthy relationship by taking feedback, providing customer support. Social networking sites are not only used as the platform for promoting products but also utilized as the medium to know about customer issues, requirements, and provide concerning assistance (Ji et al. 2017).
Therefore, a healthy relationship can be established with the consumers through social networking which ensures sustainable growth of a business. Thus, it can be summarized that social networking plays a major role in creating strong relationships among business stakeholders.
3. Conclusion
The study has concluded that social networking is an intangible aspect of project management in any business. Social networking has helped the leaders in improving leadership skills that enhance the quality of project management. It has been summarized that social networking helps in establishing engagement with every stakeholder and assists in identifying major risk factors.
Along with this, it helps in implementing effective strategies that can make the business operations smoother by consulting with key stakeholders. The study has focused on the major role of social networking in the context of project management and leadership. It has been observed that social networking aids in sustaining employee engagement and customer loyalty.
The contribution of social networking in establishing relationships with the stakeholders has been illustrated in this study. On the contrary, limitations of social networking have been evaluated in reference to project management. It has assessed the constraints of social networking in order to improve interaction with project associates for enhancing the quality of project management.
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