Assignment Sample on MG5579 Operations and Project Management
Literature Review
Introduction
Covid-19 pandemic shook entire supply chain in world because countries-imposed lockdowns and restricted trade and people movements. Hence, national and multinational companies face many difficulties to operate their supply chain properly. This literature using articles and journals will describe and explain the how the Covid-19 pandemic badly hit transportation and labour supply which imbalanced the operations of the entire market.
Chowdhury et. al. (2021) stated in their journal that supply chain management is the centralised management system of whole production flow of product and services which starts from raw materials all way to deliver the final product to the end-customer. It holds an important place in any organisation because their entire productions are dependent on effective supply chain management.
Wamba and Dolgui, (2020) stated that it has adversely impacted organisations’ operation in both short-term and long-term. For instance, short-term requirements are transport, worker movement, and production while long-term capacity and strategies may get affected. In this result, most of the manufacturers close or partially close their operations due to airport restriction, shortage of medical equipment and supplies (Atkinson et. al. 2020). Also, automotive, electronic, and consumer goods industries also plan to shut down their businesses.
Guan et. al. (2020) stated in their article ‘Global supply-chain effects of COVID-19 control measures’ that accessing newly developed economic disaster models, the scholars quantitatively measure the short-term supply chain effects on various containment strategies across the world. Due to lockdown, labours are not easily available as well as transportation modes which affect production because it depends on labour and transport. Hence, producers have to face serious challenges to run their businesses.
As per the review of Sharma et. al. (2020) in Journal of business research, World managed to control Covid-19 outbreak and find vaccines, develop protocol to treat infected patients, and on the other side, the corporate world and service sector fight to sustain in the market. In the present scenario, supply chain becomes very complicated with partners from different geographies connected to the international trade ecosystem (Ivanov, 2021). Organisations face difficulty due to lack of visibility which can lead their firm into high risks because they are not sure when things get normal and to what extent they have to face such problems.
Ivanov and Dolgui (2020) quote in their journal, that global pandemic Covid-10 seriously impacts human life as well as businesses across the world. Coronavirus epidemics impact commercial supply chain and logistics. In this journal the researcher proposed a framework for supply chain and operations management during pandemic which provides six perspectives: digitalisation, preparedness, recovery, adaptation, ripple effect, and sustainability. These six elements define and provide solutions on the impacts of the epidemic outbreak on the supply chain.
Farooq and Massod (2021) In the present situation, companies explore different ways to survive in such a challenging time and try to sustain their market position due to the epidemic. Companies develop a potential roadmap to ensure that their objective to transform their supply chain and operations are transparent, agile, and reliable. Many giant businessmen initiate their journey towards digitalisation and transform their supply chain into digitised to decrease dependency on physical exchange.
‘Supply chain resilience during the COVID-19: empirical evidence from an emerging economy’ in this journal Queiroz, and Branski (2021) present their opinion that the epidemic brings significant gaps in supply chain and production. These dimensions may enable organisations to settle disruption in the context of supply chain. However, it is a matter of subjectivity because all types of organisations are not able to access these resources.
Scala & Lindsay, (2021) focuses on healthcare supply chain management in their journal. They stated that Covid-19 has brought significant disruption in the international supply chain especially in health care because every person needs medical equipment and services which increase sudden demand. Hence, an effective supply chain proves that it is crucial and life-saving elements in healthcare. There are high demands of medical and healthcare equipment, hence, shortage of equipment has been evident and healthcare supply chains do not have time for additional production to fulfil the demand (Paul et. al. 2021). Therefore, disruption in the supply chain during Covid-19 may put human lives at risk.
Highlighting the impact of global epidemic Toda and Oikawa, (2021) discusses in their journal that Covid-19 epidemic will affect economies across the world in 2020 including global supply chain. During the strict lockdown period, governments in 160 out of 184 countries order to close workplaces and impose work from home on certain industries. It adversely affected production activities which drove economic recession along with disruption in supply chain management (Nikolopoulos et. al. 2021). Other than that, those countries where lockdown is not imposed, still their supply chain got affected due to restrictions on trade movement in other countries.
Disruptive supply chain management due to global pandemic impacts all business sectors across the world and affected production activities. In these sectors the food supply chain also gets affected and it has a very bad impact on the food industry as well as people’s lives. Aday (2020) highlights the impact on the food supply chain of global pandemics in their journal. As per his opinion, Covid-19 crisis forced people to think about food workers as the authority developed guidelines in order to ensure continuity of operations in the food industry especially poultry and meat processing industries. They plan to facilitate cleaning, hygiene, sanitation, monitoring of employees, and provide health facilities to sick employees to prevent from viruses. Hence, the industry has to make additional provision to address the implication of global epidemic Covid-19.
Conclusion
From the above literature, it is identified that due to disruption in the supply chain in a commercial environment lead to revenue loss that can even stake human lives. The investigators suggest some dimensions like agility, disruption orientation, robustness, and reconfiguration of resources. It is identified and analysed that companies around the world will face problematic situations due to largely disruption in demand and supply mismanagement and lockdown policies restrict people and transportation movement.
References
Books and Journals
Aday, S. and Aday, M.S., (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on the food supply chain. Food Quality and Safety, 4(4), pp.167-180.
Atkinson, C.L., McCue, C., Prier, E. and Atkinson, A.M., (2020). Supply chain manipulation, misrepresentation, and magical thinking during the COVID-19 pandemic. The American Review of Public Administration, 50(6-7), pp.628-634.
Chowdhury, P., Paul, S.K., Kaisar, S. and Moktadir, M.A., (2021). COVID-19 pandemic related supply chain studies: A systematic review. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, p.102271.
Guan, D., Wang, D., Hallegatte, S., Davis, S.J., Huo, J., Li, S., Bai, Y., Lei, T., Xue, Q., Coffman, D.M. and Cheng, D., (2020). Global supply-chain effects of COVID-19 control measures. Nature human behaviour, 4(6), pp.577-587.
Ivanov, D., (2021). Supply Chain Viability and the COVID-19 pandemic: a conceptual and formal generalisation of four major adaptation strategies. International Journal of Production Research, pp.1-18.
Nikolopoulos, K., Punia, S., Schäfers, A., Tsinopoulos, C. and Vasilakis, C., (2021). Forecasting and planning during a pandemic: COVID-19 growth rates, supply chain disruptions, and governmental decisions. European journal of operational research, 290(1), pp.99-115.
Paul, S.K., Chowdhury, P., Moktadir, M.A. and Lau, K.H., (2021). Supply chain recovery challenges in the wake of COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of business research, 136, pp.316-329.
Sharma, A., Adhikary, A. and Borah, S.B., (2020). Covid-19′ s impact on supply chain decisions: Strategic insights from NASDAQ 100 firms using Twitter data. Journal of Business Research, 117, pp.443-449.
Online
Farooq, U., and Massod, T., (2021). Supply Chain Operations Management in Pandemics: A State-of-the-Art Review Inspired by COVID-19. [Online] [Available Through]: <https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/5/2504>
Ivanov, D., and Dolgui, A., (2020) Impacts of epidemic outbreaks on supply chains: mapping a research agenda amid the COVID-19 pandemic through a structured literature review. [Online] [Available Through]: <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342251174_Impacts_of_epidemic_outbreaks_on_supply_chains_mapping_a_research_agenda_amid_the_COVID-19_pandemic_through_a_structured_literature_review>
Queiroz, M., and Branski, M., (2021) Supply chain resilience during the COVID-19: empirical evidence from an emerging economy. [Online] [Available Through]: <https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/BIJ-08-2021-0454/full/html?skipTracking=true>
Scala, B & Lindsay, CF (2021), Supply Chain Resilience during Pandemic Disruption: Evidence from Healthcare. [Online] [Available Through]: <https://pure.hw.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/44801261/SCM_09_2020_0434.Accepted_version.pdf>
Toda, Y., and Oikawa, K., (2021). Robustness and Resilience of Supply Chains During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings from a Questionnaire Survey on the Supply Chain Links of Firms in ASEAN and India. [Online] [Available Through]: <https://www.eria.org/uploads/media/discussion-papers/FY21/Robustness-and-Resilience-of-Supply-Chains-During-the-COVID-19-Pandemic.pdf>
Wamba, S., and Dolgui, A., (2020). Impacts of epidemic outbreaks on supply chains: mapping a research agenda amid the COVID-19 pandemic through a structured literature review. [Online] [Available Through]: <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10479-020-03685-7>
