LD7166 Project Implementation in a Multinational Context Assignment Sample 2023
Part A
Introduction
The World Health Organization gives the license to Thomas Pharmaceutical International Developments (TPID) to produce antiretroviral (ARV) drugs in Angola. The drug is a life-saving drug and it is essential to produce the drug in the country which will save the life of the country. TPID has faced so many challenges and problems such as late delivery, exceeding the estimated budget for the project, poor delivery, poor relationship with the government, and lack of leadership. In this report, the construction, designing and manufacturing and the important steps which will make it a successful project will be discussed.
Section 1 – Discussion on PESTEL analysis of Angola
Angola is a country in Africa, though it is situated in the southern part of the continent. TPID wants to produce some life-saving drugs in the country, though the World Health Organization gives permission to the company to produce these drugs in that country. The PESTEL analysis is one of the most common processes which is used to evaluate a business process and it has an impact on the environment of the business (Perera, 2017). The PESTEL analysis of the country is extremely essential before the production, although it will help the company to manage the project successfully in that country. PESTEL deals with the political, economic, social, technological, environmental, legal factors of a country.
Political factors
Political condition plays an important factor to establish the project, though the current situation in Angola is suitable for the project. The new constitution of Angola in 2010 derives that the president of Angola is the head of the state and head of the government also. On the other hand, it may be opined that there is a multi-party system after the changes of the previous constitution. Furthermore, TPID needs to maintain a good relationship with the government that will create a positive effect for the company. The team of the TPID is multi-cultured, due to this reason it is extremely essential to follow the rules and regulations of the government, although this is the key factor for the success of the project.
Economic factors
The economic growth of Angola is quite significant, although it has been observed that oil production has a positive impact on the economic growth of the country (Mohammed, 2018). Due to the government policy, the national resource of the country is increasing day by day. On the contrary, it may be asserted that Angola has one of the largest petroleum and mineral resources among all African countries. It may be stated that the GDP of the country is also increasing and the GDP of the country in 2019 is 88.816 billion USD (Data.worldbank.org. 2021). The present economic condition is extremely suitable for the company, it will help the company to establish the company. Furthermore, the company will also recruit local people that will also help both the country and TPID.
Social factors
Social factors play a crucial role to establish the company, though it may be stated that crime is the main problem of the country. Moreover, the government of the country news to tackle strict steps to stop these incidents. On the other hand, it may be argued that the literacy rate is not so high in the country and the unemployment rate is also high. Furthermore, there are lots of ethnic groups in that country such as Ovimbundu, Ambundu, Bakongo and many other groups. The company will face language barriers in the country, though the management of the company news to resolve the problems. Recruitment of local people will create a positive impact on the productivity of the company.
Technological factors
Angola is a poor country and it is an underdeveloped country, though manpower is the only power of the country. On the contrary, it may be opined that technological supremacy plays a crucial role in the development of the company. TPID will face lots of challenges and problems due to insufficient technology, although Japan is sponsoring in design and procurement of the company. It is the responsibility of Japan to provide technological supremacy to the company for fast production.
Environmental factors
Environmental factors play an essential role in the success of the company, although the company needs to the environmental rules of the country. The main challenges of the country are land abuse and desertification which indicates it will create a problem to get proper land to establish the company in the country. The general features of the climate of Angola are there is a moderately cool and dry season and a rainy and hot season. It may be suggested that the company needs to start production in the cool season, although the management of the company needs to execute a proper plan according to the weather of that country.
Legal factors
Legislation is the main source of the law in Angola, though it may be stated that the country is based on civil law. TPID needs to maintain law, which will help the company to make a healthy relationship with the government of the country.
Section 2 – Discussion on Cultural and Communication challenges of the project
Governance and organization
Governance and organization are extremely important for the success of the project, though it has been found that the governance and organization of the company were corrupted. On the other hand, it may be argued that corruption is a serious problem that creates a negative impact on the performance of the company. It may be stated that some previous projects failed due to corruption in the organization, although the management of the company needs to prevent the corruption in top management otherwise, the company will be unable to fulfill the goals and objectives. Furthermore, lack of financial control is another problem for the company, although the needs to implement a proper financial strategy that will help the company to enhance productivity. The company needs to make the product within the budget, though the price of the drugs needs to be low to moderate, although the high price of the product will create a negative effect on the company. Moreover, it has been observed that the company needs to improve the decision-making process which is extremely essential for the development of the company. The management of the company needs to address the problem, though it will help the top management to understand the real issues which are the obstacles of the project. TPID news to deliver the products in the fastest way to compete with other companies, although the company faces some problems due to late delivery (KESEN and ALIM, 2019).
Project Management
It has been found that there is a lack of leadership skills in the company which is the reason for the failure of the company in the past few days. The human resource of the company needs to recruit the right and proper people for the company which will improve the performance of the company. On a contradictory note, it may be argued that TPID builds a multicultural international team so that it is extremely important to make a skillful team which will enhance the productivity of the company in the challenging situation. The company will face some communication challenges during the project, although the management of the company needs to communicate in the same language such as English, Spanish which will definitely help the company to solve the communication skills. Furthermore, it may be stated that proper leadership skills are extremely essential to guide the company in the proper way, previously the lack of leadership skills has been found which created communication problems in the project. In the modern era, leadership is extremely essential to motivate the team members of the project, although it has been found that lack of leadership skills creates an unstable business environment. proper leadership skills will help the company to face new challenges, though it will also resolve the problem to enhance the productivity of the company (Iordanoglou, 2018).
Stakeholder Management
The company faced some challenges in handling the stakeholders, though the management of the company needs to address the problems which will help the company to understand the real problems. On the other hand, it may be opined that proper management skills are extremely essential for the development of the company. The primary objective of stakeholder management is it will help a company to mitigate the risk factors which will create a negative effect on the performance of the project team. One of the biggest advantages of stakeholder management is it will help in the decision-making process and quickly identifies the problems to mitigate the risk factors. The company needs to analyze the stakeholders which will help the company to identify the powerful stakeholders which will create a positive effect on the performance of the company. The duty of stakeholder management is to improve the communication among the stakeholders which will definitely help the company to enhance the communication skills. Moreover, it may be exclaimed that stakeholder management will influence the trust and motivate the team to perform well in the project (Oliveira and Rabechini, 2019).
Section 3 – Discussion on critical success factors of the project
TPID is collaborating with many countries which will make it a multicultural project team, though it has been noticed that TPID got no success in previous projects due to a lack of management skills. On the other hand, it may be opined that the company needs to follow some process which will help the company to achieve the goals and objectives of the team.
Proper plan to achieve the goals
It is extremely important for the company to focus on the goals, though the management of the company will need to develop a plan which helps the company to focus on the goals. On the contrary, it may be asserted that the needs to split the work between the team members will definitely help the company to achieve the goals. It may be stated that a healthy working culture also helps the company to achieve future goals.
Mitigate the cultural barriers
The company will face many cultural challenges such as language problems, cultural conflict, though it is the responsibility of the management of the company to mitigate the cultural barriers through effective communication. On the other hand, it may be opined that the management of the company needs to communicate in the same languages such as English to maintain the communication in the project. It may be stated that in the era of globalization, the management needs to use cross-cultural communication to maintain a healthy working environment in the company (Shamne et al., 2019).
Support of management
It is the duty of the management to support a project, although the company needs proper management which can help the company in challenging situations. Furthermore, it may be argued that leadership skills in top management are extremely important to influence team members of the project. On the contrary, leadership skills may influence the team members which will create a positive impact on the team. The management of the company needs to prevent conspiracy in the organization and transparency in top management is extremely needed which will support the project in challenging conditions.
Monitor and mitigate the risk
It is extremely essential for the company to mitigate the risk factors, though it has been observed that the company previously failed due to it was unable to track and monitor the risk factors. On the other hand, it may be argued that risk factors are extremely harmful to the company and it will create a negative effect on the performance of the company. From the above, it may be opined that new approaches, modified frameworks help the company to reduce the risk factors which will be done through risk management (Tupa et al., 2017). The management of the company needs to increase the production which will help the company to deliver the products in the perfect time.
Section 4 – Conclusion
After discussing the factors, it may be concluded the primary objective of the company is to prevent corruption in the governance of the company. Furthermore, the company needs to establish a healthy working environment that will enhance the performance of the team.
References
Data.worldbank.org. 2021. Angola | Data. [online] Available at: <https://data.worldbank.org/country/AO> [Accessed 10 May 2021].
de Oliveira, G.F. and Rabechini Jr, R., 2019. Stakeholder management influence on trust in a project: A quantitative study. International Journal of Project Management, 37(1), pp.131-144.
Iordanoglou, D., 2018. Future Trends in Leadership Development Practices and the Crucial Leadership Skills. Journal of Leadership, Accountability & Ethics, 15(2).
KESEN, S.E. and ALIM, M., 2019. SOLUTION APPROACHES FOR MIXED PALLET COLLECTION PROBLEM: A CASE STUDY IN A LOGISTIC COMPANY. Sigma: Journal of Engineering & Natural Sciences/Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Dergisi.
Mohammed, M., 2018. Oil production and economic growth in Angola.
Perera, R., 2017. The PESTLE analysis. Nerdynaut.
Shamne, N.L., Milovanova, M.V. and Malushko, E.Y., 2019, March. Cross-cultural professional communication in the context of globalization. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 483, No. 1, p. 012081). IOP Publishing.
Tupa, J., Simota, J. and Steiner, F., 2017. Aspects of risk management implementation for Industry 4.0. Procedia manufacturing, 11, pp.1223-1230.
Part B
Introduction
Construction projects in Vietnam may improve both the economy and employment through the people living Vietnam get benefitted in order to achieve organizational and individual success. In addition to that, there are several potential risk factors such as management and governance occurred due to conducting the construction project in Vietnam which will be discussed in this essay.
Critical evaluation of potential challenges faced in the management and governance of the complex construction project in Vietnam using project team and multi-national sponsors
In non-developed countries similar to Vietnam, there are inadequate risk management which is important to address and mitigate risk regarding issues in order to successfully complete the construction project. In addition to that, inadequate risk management related to the construction projects may have certain impacts such as poor user adaptation, late-running project, unrealization of project benefits and reputational damage which has an adverse effect on the construction project in Vietnam. On the other hand, it may be mentioned that an ineffective implementation of risk management may be caused by lack of construction regarding procedures, however, it is essential to deal with the management risks for reducing the risks to complete the constructions in Vietnam. In order to resolve the risks effectively, the contractors need to know regarding the risk management capabilities and risk responsibilities which may help the constructors to complete the construction effectively and efficiently. Additionally, improving the proper strategies for the environmental risk is a major concern while executing the construction project in Vietnam as by controlling the environmental risks, Vietnam Construction Company may maintain the global sustainability (Accastello et al., 2019).
Apart from this, without clear and definite goals, it is difficult for the construction project in Vietnam to complete on time, more specifically, construction projects may easily be disrupted if people may not have a specific target related to the specific tasks. Performance management may be considered as an important key aspect of construction projects and these performance management may depend upon the definite goals provided by the construction management. Lack of structure or definite goals are to be considered as effective potential risks provided by the construction management through which constructor may not provide success related to the constructions. It is highly necessary that the contractors have implemented a strategic pathway to provide clear knowledge regarding the risks in order to achieve the construction project success. This potential challenge faced by the management has provided a negative effect during executing the construction regarding activities, therefore, management needs to improve the training and development process to provide training to the employees.
Communication is an effective tool in any work related activities including the construction which has provided prominent knowledge related to the construction activities. Poor communication among the employees, top management and the Vietnam government has created several challenges for the construction management through which construction may not effectively be done in order to achieve organizational success. On the contrary, it may be mentioned that effective communication with the government through digital or face to face may definitely help the construction to execute the construction by providing financial support from the government. Dynamics of communication in construction projects has to be required as well as in-depth understanding which is possible by effective communication, therefore, the communication among the employees or the shareholders and government may provide financial support to forward the organizational accomplishment (Kwofie et al., 2020).
Limited skills of the employees at the time of construction in Vietnam has a negative impact on the completion or success of the construction project. Moreover, construction is to be considered as a reputation based industry as well as employees tend to work with others while the employees show their effectiveness and talents to others for construction project accomplishment. Limited skills are to be considered as negative challenges faced by the management which has a direct effect on the construction project in Vietnam. On the contrary, Vietnam as a non-developed country has a lack of skills of the employees, so that it is also necessary that employees have put team effort to provide significant results. However, it may be argued that proper training and development techniques have to be implemented in construction projects which have a significant result for organizational performances. Along with that, soft skills of the project management and constructors have to be necessary through which the construction and management significantly improve their performances by adopting strategic implementations (Zuo et al., 2018).
Lack of stakeholder’s engagement has a negative effect on the company’s success in Vietnam as the suppliers play an important role in order to supply the raw materials to complete the construction related activities. The interest from the external stakeholders is streamlined in a productive manner as well as internal stakeholders play a crucial role to complete the construction activities. Vietnam as a non-developed country has no educational stability such as other countries which has a direct effect on the employee’s skills and their performances, so that the proper training of the employees may be necessary to achieve success. Lack of internal stakeholders includes lack of top management, senior management and the employees who are involved to attract the target audiences by providing good quality products and services. The construction project in Vietnam, there is a high level of stakeholder engagement whose participation is necessary to evaluate and monitor the construction activities, therefore, recruitment of sufficient stakeholders help this construction project to finish on time (Tengan and Aigbavboa, 2017).
Regional conflicts are the main reason for poor economic growth in Vietnam as regional conflicts within or among regions have an adverse effect on the success of the construction project, Vietnam. In Spite of resource availability in Vietnam, the regional conflicts of Vietnam with other countries had stopped the economic development. In addition to that, poor economic development may bring Vietnam to face challenges which has provided an adverse effect related to the construction project success as well as these countries may not find a proper way out of the regional conflicts without interventions by the government and other regional powers. Regional conflicts need to be mitigated with the help of proper way or else these conflicts have gradually increased and the favorable outcomes related to the construction projects have also been delayed.
Shortage of resource capital may be considered another reason for the non-developed countries similar to Vietnam which has no proper and strategic way to develop the construction projects in order to provide better performances of the constructors. On a contradictory note, it may be mentioned that shortage of resource capital may include non-availability of resources through which construction projects have not succeeded on proper time. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system is to be considered as an effective for construction accomplishment in order to complete the construction projects, however, barriers regarding the ERP may involve resources, costs and incompatibility of software and technical problems needed to resolve to meet the target base (Hewavitharana et al., 2019).
Political interference is another major concern which may hinder smooth delivery and execution of infrastructure development projects in order to smoothly run the construction project. All the business or the construction regulated activities may depend on the political stability and finance support from the government, so that construction activities may be easily done with the help of the government. On the other hand, it may be argued that in a few times political interference may hinder and prevent the contraction from its achievement by making the procedures more complicated and slow moving. Political biases in decision making procedures have provided an adverse effect on the success of the construction project in Vietnam due to lack of corporations and inter ministry-rivalry therefore, each construction completion may take several times to finish. Most importantly, lack of incentives and financial support has decreased the construction projects on time through which the construction projects may take time to finish one construction project.
Quality assurance ensures to reduce the mistakes and defects in the constructed building, though it is extremely important to maintain the quality of the raw materials, though the management of the company news to contract with a proper supplier who will be able to supply quality raw materials. On the other hand, it may be argued that if the quality of material will not be maintained then it will ruin the entire project. Moreover, poor material will create a negative effect on the company, although the materials need to be properly maintained by the construction company. The company needs to establish a quality checking management that will track and monitor the quality of the raw materials. The main objective of quality assurance management is it will help the company to mitigate the risk factors which may occur for the poor quality of raw materials.
It is extremely essential for the management of the company to recruit the right people for the work. Human resource management plays a crucial role to recruit proper employees for the work. On the other hand, it may be argued that improper management skills will create a harmful effect on the performance of the company. Additionally, it is the duty of the management of the company to provide proper training that will create skillful employees for the company. The role of human resource management is it will help the company to measure the overall performance which will benefit the management system (Sardi et al., 2020).
Legal dispute is considered to be significant issue in the entire complex construction project in Vietnam and such legal disputes may range from payment issue, certain defects in the final outcome of the construction project, poor workmanship as well as certain failure to execute a construction project properly may call for litigation. Furthermore, it may be stated that licensing procedures are considered to be cumbersome task for the construction managers of Vietnam which may hamper or delay a construction project in Vietnam by a significant notch. However, it may be argued that the government of Vietnam has engaged in certain procedures to simplify as well as clarify licensing procedures for any construction project in Vietnam to add swiftness in all the operational activities of construction projects. Apart from that, compulsory insurance for the construction contractors has certainly been a significant incorporation the Vietnam government which will in turn make a healthy environment for the entire construction project to be executed. On the other hand, the ministry of environment and natural resources have engaged in waste management and recycling procedures to lead towards environmental sustainability while engaging complex construction project in Vietnam (Van et al., 2018).
Performance monitoring is a prominent factor which in turn ensures whether a construction project in Vietnam is going in a significant way or not however, due to lack adequate knowledge regarding complex construction projects the construction project managers are unable to perform certain tasks regarding performance monitoring which includes keeping track of adequate resources, evaluating the performance of the subordinates. Along with that, lack of proper performance management tools such as time tracking tools as well as other prominent tools such as Plan Radar which certainly enables construction managers to engage in performance monitoring properly (PlanRadar. 2021). In addition to that, it may be mentioned that performance monitoring also involves incorporation of certain changes in the project on a regular basis to execute the construction planning properly although due to lack of knowledge the construction projects do not get executed in a proper way. However, it may also be mentioned that the construction project managers also prioritise Vietnamese projects over other international projects due to lack of knowledge which in turn hampers the economic growth for the entire nation. Therefore, it may be considered that the government may need to put huge focus on the construction industry with proper investment and training on required knowledge in Vietnam in order to lead the particular industry towards rapid industrial growth.
Conclusions
From the above discussion, it may be concluded that construction projects need to develop a risk management process to address the risks as well as it has helped the management to mitigate the problems. Furthermore, there are certain management and governance challenges faced by the construction company which has been required to mitigate for maintaining environmental sustainability.
References
Accastello, C., Blanc, S. and Brun, F., 2019. A framework for the integration of nature-based solutions into environmental risk management strategies. Sustainability, 11(2), p.489.
Hewavitharana, T., Nanayakkara, S., Perera, A. and Perera, J., 2019. Impact of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems to the Construction Industry. International Journal of Research in Electronics and Computer Engineering, 7, pp.887-893.
Kwofie, T.E., Aigbavboa, C. and Thwala, W., 2020. Understanding Communication in Construction Project Delivery. In Effective Construction Project Delivery (pp. 13-25). Springer, Cham.
PlanRadar. 2021. Defect management and documentation with PlanRadar. [online] Available at: <https://www.planradar.com/> [Accessed 10 May 2021].
References
Sardi, A., Sorano, E., Garengo, P. and Ferraris, A., 2020. The role of HRM in the innovation of performance measurement and management systems: a multiple case study in SMEs. Employee Relations: The International Journal.
Tengan, C. and Aigbavboa, C., 2017. Level of stakeholder engagement and participation in monitoring and evaluation of construction projects in Ghana. Procedia engineering, 196, pp.630-637.
Van Tuan, N., Kien, T.T., Huyen, D.T.T., Nga, T.T.V., Giang, N.H., Dung, N.T., Isobe, Y., Ishigaki, T. and Kawamoto, K., 2018. Current status of construction and demolition waste management in Vietnam: Challenges and opportunities. International Journal, 15(52), pp.23-29.
Zuo, J., Zhao, X., Nguyen, Q.B.M., Ma, T. and Gao, S., 2018. Soft skills of construction project management professionals and project success factors. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management.
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