1. Introduction to Project
The given study will focus on the advanced project management of the chosen project Boeing 787 development. However, it is determined that the Boeing 787 is an American wide-body jet airliner which is developed by Boeing commercial airplanes. In case, Boeing is an American multinational corporation which designs, sells and manufactures airplanes.
Figure 1: Boeing aircraft
(Source: Boeing.mediaroom.com, 2021)
Apart from this, the specific project was developed in the form of Boeing set out in making the 787 more effective towards operating along with offering a relatively lower cost per seat for various airlines. On the other hand, it was designed around 20% more efficiently than its previous model 767; it also had accountability through environmental impact with growth in the attention of the airline passengers and government (Simpleflying.com, 2021).
On the other hand, it is also optimized that Boeing 787 has an operation in around 150 countries with the largest operator of it by 90 flights being All Nippon Airlines.
Furthermore, it is optimized that Boeing launched the project known as 7E7 in the year 2003 with the E naturally having stood with efficiency. However, the branding of Dream liner was placed in July 2003 with the first customer order from Japanese Airline All Nippon airlines which is still the largest operator in 2022. There was a new clean sheet design of 787 by the company with an estimated cost of $32 Billion. The aircraft flew over 2009 after being delayed from 2007 with entering into service through the year 2011 (Boeing.com, 2021).
2. Risk Management
Figure 1: Process of risk management
(Source: Clearrisk.com, 2021)
Risk management is an adequate process through identification, controlling, and assessing various financial, legal and other risks for an organization through improving the development and establishment of a project. On the other hand, in this study, there is the consideration of the risks management plan of the specific project in the form of the Boeing 787 development which has a determination of major risks along with mitigation strategies in confronting them in leading to a better continuation and smooth flow (Dey, 2012). Furthermore, this aspect is illustrated below table;
| Risk Type | Description | Probability level (1-5) | Impact level (1-5) | Overall | Mitigation | Responsible person |
| Technological risks | Infeasibility of materials through flight tests and issues over computer networks | 2 | 3 | 15 | Redesigning materials with structuring networking system | Project technical engineer |
| Supply issues | Delay in production with cultural barriers | 5 | 5 | 25 | Regaining control over delayed programs | Project manager |
| Management issues | Less amount of expertise in management with negative skills | 2 | 3 | 16 | Boosting the confidence level of customers | Project stakeholders |
| Labor issues | Labors concern over job security leading to strikes | 1 | 2 | 9 | Boosting wages with agreements | Project manager |
| Demand issues | Cancellation in customers’ contracts | 3 | 3 | 16 | Compensating customers supplying replacement aircraft | Project manager |
| Process risks | Timely delivery issues diminishing contracts | 2 | 1 | 9 | Outsourcing the partners | Project stakeholders |
Table 1: Risk management table
(Source: Self-developed)
From the above table, it is determined that there are various risks which are faced through the specific project in the form of technological issues, supply issues, management issues, labor issues, demand issues and process issues. However, it is determined that the Boeing 787 had faced the terror of issues through technology which has a consideration of in feasibility of materials through testing flights along with the computer networking issues through flights which can lead to terrorist attacks for flights. In case, this risk is mitigated by the company Boeing in the form of redesigning its materials and testing the flights with ensuring a secured network of computer navigation allowing entertainment for the passengers. On the other hand, there is also the terror of supply issues faced through the development of Boeing 787. These issues are determined in the form of delays in the supply of flights through production with the inclusion of shortages through insufficient technology.
Apart from this, Boeing had a better development of linkage through other industries ensuring better partnerships through a $125 Million investment. In case, it led to a better flow of production of flights by smoothing the relationships with suppliers. Furthermore, the specific development project aircraft had a risk of management issues in the form of delays in fulfilling the delivery of contracts to various customers. This inclusion of unskilled employees handling the supply chain leads to negative coordination of leadership. However, these risks are mitigated by the company Boeing by establishing the right team of management for adequate job roles with avoiding any kind of mistakes; this can lead to a smooth structuring of the supply chain and lead Boeing 787 aircraft to reach higher heights (Aviationpros.com, 2021). Furthermore, the development of the particular project faced the terror of issues in the form of labor.
This includes Boeing has risen over its efforts of outsourcing which has led towards an adequate concern for labors over their job security. This resulted in a strike of more than 25000 labors in 2008 which directly impacted its delivery of products. However, the specific issue was mitigated by the company by bringing a send to the strike days of labors increasing 15% of labor wages for four years limiting their burden and stress over work. On the other hand, demand issues are the extension of issues faced through the condensation of the specific project. It includes the firm Boeing which had an announcement through a series of delays which led to a loss of confidence level of various customers which incurred a cancellation of orders by 58 through 2009 and 2010 (Hbr.org, 2021). The specific issues are mitigated by the company Boeing by compensating their customers by supplying replacement aircraft ensuring smooth communication and flow of operational activities.
Moreover, process risks are the issues mentioned in the above table which led to the deterioration in the scheduling of flight deliveries that led to terrible uncertainty through completing their tasks in the form of payments of contracts. The issues were enforced by the firm in ensuring a better mitigation strategy by sending personnel towards the sites of suppliers in addressing various supply risks and informing the whole process. It led to a better reformation of Boeing 787 aircraft manufacturing and development. However, from the above illustrations, it can be optimized through the specific development of the project the firm Boeing has faced the most threats through supply issues.
3. Stakeholder Management
The Boeing 787 is one of the long-range airlines made by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. There is a wide range of stakeholders involved in making the plan. The stakeholders of the project are as follows:
| Stakeholder | Power | Interest | Engagement strategy |
| Boeing Commercial Airplanes | Maximum | This stakeholder has been responsible for assembling and manufacturing the whole plane since 1969 | Daily |
| General Electric | Medium | This company is responsible for the supply of the engine of the plane. Four engines made by General Electric power the plane | Weekly |
| Designing engineer | Medium | This stakeholder is responsible for the designing of the plane. According to the design of the plane, it is a double-deck plane. | In the time of the development and manufacturing stage of the plane |
| Federal Aviation Administration | High | This stakeholder is responsible for the testing of the plane at various stages. After the passing is treated properly only the plain is approved to be tested to be used. | Once in the time of development stage of the plane |
| Suppliers of the materials | Low | This stakeholder is responsible for the supply of material on which the body of the plane is made. This helps the plane to be lightweight and helps the plane to consume less fuel. | In times of making the plane and in times of servicing it. |
| Investors | Medium | This stakeholder is responsible for the sully of the fund of the plain at various levels. The proper supply of the fund can be helpful in terms of improving the timeline for making the plan. | Quarterly |
| Dunlop corporation | Low | This stakeholder is responsible for the supply of tyres for the Boeing 787 plane. 8 specialized tires are used in the Boeing 787 | Weekly interval |
Table 3: Stakeholders table
(Source: Self-developed)
From the above table it can be observed that there are various stakeholders of the plane. All the types of stakeholders are important in improving the development process of the plane. Some of the stakeholders of the plain are highly important as they are the main stakeholder and cannot be changed (Xu et al. 2020). On the other hand, the stakeholders with medium importance are the stakeholders who can be changed, however, once changes are fixed for a long time. On the other hand, the stakeholders with low importance are the stakeholder, which is of the least value and can be changed if needed to be changed (Zaborenko et al. 2019).
For instance, Boeing Commercial Airplanes is one of the most important stakeholders and is responsible for most of the functioning in the development of the plane. It helps to maintain the performance of the plane and improve its quality of the plane. On the other hand, General electric’s which is the supplier of the engine of the Boeing 787 is one of the key contenders in choosing from a group of companies making engines for the plane (Tsang et al. 2022). The company was selected, and it is still in service now. In addition, the design engineer of the plane is responsible for designing the exterior design of the plane. On the other hand, the interior design of the plane is designed on the basis of serving a specific purpose such as the military or the airline company that orders the plane. Moreover, the Federal Aviation Administration is one of the key stakeholders, responsible for the testing of the various elements used in the plane. It helps to use the structural body, the engine and the other body parts of the plane. It helps to improve the safety feature of the plane and avoid the chance of accidents in the plane due to major technical issues (Guiné et al. 2020).
The supplier of the material such as the spare parts used in the plane is taken from small sources that help to increase the availability of the material and are available at a lower cost. It helps to lower the making cost of the plane. In case of any quality issues in the material, the suppliers of this material can easily be changed (Cooper, 2019). That is why they are of low importance and have a low influence on the development of the plane. Whereas the inverters of the plane are one of the major factors which help to provide funds at various levels. Therefore, by this study, it can be claimed that the stakeholder plays an essential role in developing a product (Jo et al. 2020).
4. Success Review
Moving from 777 to 787
It is determined that Boeing moved from 777. However, it was seen that Boeing 777 was a greater success for the company when it first flew in the year 1994. On the other hand, the company had a condensed to the other development with moving to a different direction. Its focus is on lowering the costs of operations along with improving efficiency. Apart from this, through focusing on efficiency, the project of 787 had a focus on clean sheer aircraft in between ranges of 200-300. It was also the first flight in using carbon fiber through the construction of the wing. This made the flight lighter weighted such that offers high strength in form of a 20% reduction in weight. On the other hand, it also used the “General Electric GEnx” leading to rising of 40% of improvement in efficiency (Simpleflying.com, 2021). Furthermore, it is also seen that through uplifting the decorum there was an introduction of the new variants of 787 such as 787-8, 787-9 and others.
Figure 3: Boeing 787 orders by customers
(Source: Statista.com, 2021)
Ten years of Boeing 787
The specific project of Boeing 787 development had reached many heights in recent years as it is seen 10 years after the establishment of the aircraft. It is seen that through October 26 2021, the 787 Dream liners reached the specific yearly milestone which led to the evolution of aircraft. On the other hand, it was seen that the initial dispatch of 787 was in 2011 with a cost of development of $32 Billion. In case, the company broke the record of 1000 units of delivery leading to its rise of another decade. Moreover, the flight had a special run between Tokyo and Hong Kong. The manifest of the specific flight consisted of ANA employees along with 100 enthusiasts of aviation. The transformation was packed with new innovative features grasping the experience of customers. The innovations include reduced burning of fuel, and electric hydraulics mechanisms, which led to the reduction of costs. There were 50% larger windows through a flight with electric tinted. Furthermore, there is a 3-5% cover of humidity measuring 25% of the environment. In case, it is seen that Boeing had led to 1423 cumulative firms with 787 orders (Edition.cnn.com, 2021).
Boeing 787 set a Benchmark
On the other hand, Boeing had set a benchmark through the history books enabling almost 315 new direct routes carrying 559 Million passengers completing 2.7 Million flights of passengers carrying. Before the covid-19, the specific flight was flying over 1900 routes on the global stage. On the other hand, it is also visualized that Boeing 787 had an avoidance of $85 Billion of carbon emissions leading to the achievement of 20-25% of efficiency through fuel along with 25% of revenue capacity through cargo. It led towards the success of the specific project by outclassing its competitors in the market. Apart from this, it is replicated that the 787 program has an estimation of $50 Billion through customer compensation. It is seen that Boeing 787 is highly ahead of Airbus through 5-8 years (Edition.cnn.com, 2021).
Dreaming for the future
The specific project of Boeing 787 had its future perceptions in condensing a better improvement of new innovative technologies such as in the form of new engines. On the other hand, it is seen that Aboulafia is a specific threat to the company Boeing which can lead to a diminishing future success for the project development. However, the company has the capability in increasing the acceptability of business and positioning for new orders. On the other hand, it is seen that there are some negative insights faced by the aircraft manufacturer through delays in the past costing them $10 Billion in penalties through contract. In case, the company overcome the problem with not much effort such that had incurred total revenue of $62.3 Billion in 2021 a 7% rise from 2020 for Boeing 787. Furthermore, the project also ensured the success of a rise in cash flow operations by $716 Million (Statista.com, 2021).
Furthermore, it is seen that the Boeing 787 is bringing success for the specific company since 2016 leading to a better proportion throughout clashing its competitors in the market and leading profitability. On the other hand, it is replicated that, the firm had a better initiative through partnering with large firms in continuing its smooth operations with led to their rise in efficiency and effectiveness.
Competition of Boeing 787
It is optimized that Boeing 787 is one of the major manufactured aircraft in recent decades outclassing its competitors by producing other models. However, it is determined that the specific model has a greater market value of $306.1 Million capturing a better positioning of market acceptability in the world in comparing other models such as the A350-90 and A330 Airbus (Airinsight.com, 2021).
5. Project Management Professional Application
Project management professional (PMP) is the world’s leading certification of project management which inclusion of Agile along with hybrid approaches. On the other hand, it also proves to be an adequate experience in project leadership experience with expertise through working (Evaristo, 2003). However, it helps various organizations in finding various employees leading towards working smarter with performing positively. It is seen that through adequate research it is seen that various employees will fill the application for 2.2 Million new project roles every year through 2027.
On the other hand, it is determined that the specific project of the company Boeing in the form of 787 has reached higher heights in the past as well as in the present stages grasping the customers’ attention in buying the aircraft. However, the company is planning to establish a similar design product in the form of 797. It is aimed to complete by 2024 which will be a better model than 787. Apart from this, it can be optimized that there can be various upcoming projects year after year which will grasp a high market cap through the industry of airlines. In case, specific planning can offer speculation of planning reforms through professional project management with help to meet various companies’ tasks. On the other hand, a proper learning approach can be visualized through professional project management. Furthermore, through ensuring the effective processing of projects the company requires a project manager (Didraga, 2013).
Apart from this, the specific project can offer a better perception of scheduled tasks leading to a better achievement of that task at a quick interval of time. However, it can also be optimized that the project can also help in condensing better resource allocation and requirements in fulfilling the achievement of the project goal. Additionally, it can also be replicated that by following project steps, a specific project manager can have a better revolution over their duties and team management dividing the clinical roles among various team members (Joslin and Muller, 2015). On the other hand, through specific management of a project, there is an adequate need for proper coordination and bonding of individuals such that in condensing and creating a team a project manager has a role as a coordinator and motivator towards the team members and evaluates various uncertainties. On the other hand, through a greater understanding of project management, an individual project manager can learn various proportions such as requirements of the project budget and time.
Figure 4: Agile project management
(Source: Medium.com, 2021)
However, it is optimized that through investigating a similar field project, it can also be determined that the airline industry follows agile project management. It is a specific type of project management is a specific approach towards planning, guiding the processes of the project by breaking through small cycles. Agile project management helps in having a better demonstration of flaws and risks reducing the chances of project failures. In following the particular approach of project management, the new project of 797 for Boeing can have better acceptability through the flow of smooth operations with flexibility in the workflow (Bergmann and Karwowski, 2018). On the other hand, there can also have a better insight into evaluating competition levels through specific industry will enabling new strategies for effectively structuring a project. Apart from this, the particular type of project management can have a better learning approach for project managers in empowering a smoother attribution and leading to faster delivery of projects.
It is seen that culture is the most important aspect which has acceptability through project application such as various draw from suppliers, international and teams. However, it is also visualized that project application is a primary means through which the department of planning has a collection of information in evaluating compliance with the planning code. This can lead to a proposed variance in the development of the project. It can be determined that international projects have remote management involving diversified cultures as effective project managers can raise awareness of cultural issues in ensuring the success of a project. On the other hand, it is seen that different projects have a difference in the culture of teams having representation of norms, assumptions and beliefs (Larsson and Larsson, 2020). Furthermore, suppliers refer to the providence of raw materials or other needy resources in completing projects.
6. Conclusions
The given study has an adequate representation of advanced project management of Boeing 787 development. On the other hand, this illustrates that the specific project was introduced by the company Boeing in reducing the operating costs along with fuel reduction of flights. Apart from this, the particular project has led to a rise in efficiency by a higher margin. It is seen that the aircraft had a new innovative infrastructural design which led to the reduction of carbon emissions maintaining environmental protection.
The study also has a representation of risk management with the inclusion of various risks such as technological, demand, process and others throughout the project. However there were various mitigation strategies, the company had enforced in uplifting its reformation. Additionally, the stakeholder management analysis is also included the representation of major stakeholders along with their importance and management throughout the project. On the other hand, the study also describes the success review of the specific project of Boeing 787 which states that the project had greater success from the past to the present years. In case, the review of success includes a perception of the company moving from the old model of Boeing 777 to Boeing 787 which changed its way and development of new technologies. Furthermore, the project set a benchmark in the historical stage by planning more advanced applications for the future. The study also illustrates a visualization of project management applications by analyzing the depth of investigating other projects through similar fields.
References
Suggested readings
Dey, P. (2012) Project risk management using multiple criteria decision-making technique and decision tree analysis: A case study of Indian oil refinery. Production Planning & Control 23(12) pp. 903–921.
Didraga, O. (2013) The role and the effects of risk management in IT projects success. Informatica Economica 17(1) pp. 86–98.
Evaristo, R. (2003) The management of distributed projects across cultures. Journal of Global Information Management 11(4) pp. 58–70.
Hodgson, D (2002) Disciplining the professional: The case of project management. Journal of Management Studies 39(6) pp. 803–821.
Joslin, R. & Muller, R. (2015) Relationships between a project management methodology and project success in different project governance contexts. International Journal of Project Management 33(6) pp 1377–1392.
Additional references
Airinsight.com (2021). Other models of competitors for Boeing 787. Available at. https://airinsight.com/boeing-787-10-prospects-competition/. Accessed on 22/12/2022
Aviationpros.com (2021). Boeing 787 investment over partnership. Available at. https://www.aviationpros.com/aircraft/commercial-airline/news/21272509/whats-holding-back-boeings-787-dreamliner . Accessed on 22/12/2022
Bergmann, T. and Karwowski, W., 2018, July. Agile project management and project success: A literature review. In International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (pp. 405-414). Springer, Cham. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94709-9_39
Boeing.com (2021). Operations of Boeing 787. Available at. https://www.boeing.com/commercial/787/ . Accessed on 22/12/2022
Boeing.mediaroom.com (2021). Boeing aircraft. Available at. https://boeing.mediaroom.com/2020-02-25-ANA-HOLDINGS-Commits-to-Adding-up-to-20-Boeing-787-Dreamliner-Jets . Accessed on 22/12/2022
Clearrisk.com (2021). Process of risk management. Available at. https://www.clearrisk.com/risk-management-blog/bid/47395/the-risk-management-process-in-5-steps-1 . Accessed on 22/12/2022
Cooper, R.G., 2019. The drivers of success in new-product development. Industrial Marketing Management, 76, pp.36-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2018.07.005
Edition.cnn.com (2021). Number of orders of 787 aircrafts. Available at. https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/boeing-787-dreamliner-10th-anniversary/index.html . Accessed on 22/12/2022
Guiné, R.P., Florença, S.G., Barroca, M.J. and Anjos, O., 2020. The link between the consumer and the innovations in food product development. Foods, 9(9), p.1317. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9091317
Hbr.org (2021). Order cancellation of Boeing over 787. Available at. https://hbr.org/2013/01/the-787s-problems-run-deeper-t . Accessed on 22/12/2022
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Medium.com (2021). Agile project management. Available at. https://medium.com/@sudarhtc/agile-project-management-methodology-manifesto-frameworks-and-process-f4c332ddb779 . Accessed on 22/12/2022
Simpleflying.com (2021). Innovations through the new project. Available at. https://simpleflying.com/boeing-787-story/ . Accessed on 22/12/2022
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Statista.com (2021). Orders of Boeing 787 by customers. Available at. https://www.statista.com/statistics/281382/orders-for-the-boeing-787-dreamliner-by-airline/ . Accessed on 22/12/2022
Statista.com (2021). Revenue and cash flow of Boeing. Available at. https://www.statista.com/statistics/264374/boeings-worldwide-revenue/. Accessed on 22/12/2022
Tsang, Y.P., Wu, C.H., Lin, K.Y., Tse, Y.K., Ho, G.T.S. and Lee, C.K.M., 2022. Unlocking the power of big data analytics in new product development: An intelligent product design framework in the furniture industry. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 62, pp.777-791. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2021.02.003
Xu, X., Liu, Y., Du, G., Ledesma-Amaro, R. and Liu, L., 2020. Microbial chassis development for natural product biosynthesis. Trends in biotechnology, 38(7), pp.779-796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.01.002
Zaborenko, N., Shi, Z., Corredor, C.C., Smith-Goettler, B.M., Zhang, L., Hermans, A., Neu, C.M., Alam, M.A., Cohen, M.J., Lu, X. and Xiong, L., 2019. First-principles and empirical approaches to predicting in vitro dissolution for pharmaceutical formulation and process development and for product release testing. The AAPS journal, 21(3), pp.1-20.https://doi.org/10.1208/s12248-019-0297-y
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