BSS060-6 Project Management Assignment Sample
EVALUATING THE USE AND APPLICATION OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT THEORY AND METHODOLOGIES
1. Introduction
The report is based on the evaluation of the use and application of the project management theory to bring the new employees as well as transfer the leadership of the present employees. The waterfall methodology helps Taunton XYZ, to bring the new worker as well as transfer the project leader of the current workers. Waterfall methodologies also help in the migration of the employees from 4 locations to the new location that has freezing and cold conditions. It also highlights putting an end to the use of previous locations. The budget of the project is £350,000. The construction of the Taunton XYZ site begins in the month of March 2020. On the other hand, the deadline for the construction of the site is September 2020. The report also highlights the transfer of hundred employees from Yeovil, which is a third party site with the help of TUPE. It has been expected that around 1000 employees will be hired for full-time employment for the construction. The construction site of Taunton XYZ is better for the opening of the supermarket as it is planning to employ as many professional employees as possible.
2. Concepts of Waterfall Methodology
2.1 Evaluation of the chosen approach
The waterfall methodology is the sequential software development model which is used for the development of the project. In this methodology model, the development of the project is revealed as flowing increasingly in the downward direction via stages of the project that includes analysis, implementation, design, maintenance, technical support as well as designs. The waterfall delivery approach concentrates very little on the client that is involved with the project. The main purpose of the waterfall delivery methods is to help the internal team to move more effectively through the stages of the project (Siddiqui et al. 2022). The stages of the waterfall model consist of the following stages: Requirement specification, designs, and construction, system integration, and verification, installations with the help of third-party tools as well as application maintenance and technical support. In case, the waterfall model shifts from one stage to another in a sequential manner it will help the project to secure sustainable development.
For instance, one first completes the requirement specification that is fixed in the stones for the requirements of the software. When the requirements of the Taunton XYZ projects were fully completed, the team shifted to the design stages. When the design of the project is fully completed, then the implementation of the design is made by the architecture. Towards the next stages of the construction implementation stage, various components developed by the different teams are associated with the Taunton XYZ construction project. The waterfall method maintains it must be moved to the stage only its later stages are completed as well as perfected (Lalmi et al. 2021). The stages of the construction development of the waterfall model are discrete and there are no options for jumping forward or backwards or overlapping between the stages. The basic idea of the waterfall model is clear by its name. The method is a linear as well as a sequential process of project management.
The methods contain several stages that are independent among themselves. The waterfall method enables the Taunton XYZ construction project to run one after another and each finished stage helps in the initiation of another stage. In the case of the waterfall model that originated from the construction process then there is a need to follow the structured procedures, as a result late changes are impossible and sometimes expensive. The waterfall approach concentrates on producing the best possible results with small flexibility for the changes at the time of completing the work. The construction of a house is a practical example of using the waterfall method (Mohamed and Moselhi, 2019). The floors of the house should be constructed one after another starting to form the basement, then the floors, and at the end roofs. The construction projects that are built as per the waterfall structure can be well mapped because of the time axis.
The waterfall methodology would include the following phases during the digital management project.
- Evaluation of project requirements: The scenario of the digital management conference acquires the requirement of a speaker, projector, and software.
- System design: The specifications of the system from the first phase are recognised in order to develop an updated system as per the project requirements in the presence of system architecture (Thummadi and Lyytinen, 2020).
- Implementation: System small units programs known as units are developed from the inputs from the system. These units are integrated into the next phase of the project which enhances the project capability by around 60– to 65%.
- Testing and integration: The units developed from the implementation phase are integrated together in order to formulate a new unit as required by the system during the digital conference (Thesing et al. 2021).
- System Deployment: After the implementation of functional and non-functional testing, the project products are either deployed to the customer environment or released in the market for optimizing the customer demand.
- Maintenance: proper maintenance of the whole project is needed for the reduction of any risk identified during the project execution (Klastorin and Mitchell, 2017). The waterfall method is beneficial for the project manager in objectifying the project goals by keeping record of the project tasks in a sequential manner.
Application of waterfall model
The waterfall model depends on the team that is following the order of steps as well as never moving forward till the former stage has finished. The waterfall model is best suited for the smaller project with the fragmented smaller stages that are easy to define from the beginning. This model is a useful as well as a predictable approach if the needs for the project are well documented, fixed, and clear, then the project becomes shorter (Nyarirangwe and Babatunde, 2019). The waterfall method helps in providing more predictable end results for the timeline, scope as well as budget. The in-depth advantages of the waterfall method include,
Use the clear structure of the project: The waterfall methodologies are simple as compared to other methodologies; this model concentrates on the clear as well as defined sets of steps. The structure of the waterfall method is simple as every project must go through the steps. The steps include Documentation and requirement gathering, system design, implementation, testing, delivery and maintenance (Gusakova and Pavlov, 2020). For the successful completion of the project, the team must finish all the stages before moving to the next stage. Incomplete projects lead to pushing aside the project, leaving the team with a more polished, complete project at the end. In addition to being clear, the development of the waterfall is natural. Other than Six scrums, this method does not need any specific training for the project leader or the employees. Visually outlining the process at the start with the use of a lucid chart and defining the methodologies helps the members of the team to jump into the waterfall method without the complex learning curve that slows the progress of the project (SALEM, 2019).
Determination of the end goal early: The second stage of the waterfall method helps to determine the end products of the project, goal and deliverables at the initializing of the project. On the other hand, members of the team must avoid deviating from the commitment made at the beginning of the project (Liu, 2018). For the smaller projects where the goals of the projects are clear then the second step of the waterfall method helps in making the team aware of the overall goals. The Second steps make aware of the goal of the project from the start having the chance of less effort to get lost in the points as the project progresses. Unlike the six sigma methods of construction projects which fragment the projects into single sprints, the waterfall methods of construction projects keep the concentration on the end goals of the project (Dursun et al. 2019). the waterfall method helps the team in eliminating the risk if they have a solid goal with a clear date of completion of the project.
Transfer information well: The approach of the waterfall system is highly methodical, so the methods must come with no surprise that the methodologies highlight the clean transfer of the information in every stage. After the passing of every stage, if some unexpected employee changes are noticed then this method prioritizes the information that is accessed and the new addition of the employees to the team can speed the progress of the project (Kasianenko, 2021). Staying organized with the right process helps in getting advantages from the waterfall methods. With the help of a lucid chart, it helps in processing the document of the Taunton XYZ so that it can be known by every member of the team.
Contemporary issues in Waterfall methodology
Previously, waterfall methods were considered the respected methods for construction but now the method faces criticism as it is now considered an outdated model for the construction process. The disadvantages of the waterfall methods become more clear depending on the type of the construction project, the size of the construction project as well as the goals of the construction project (Kordova et al. 2021). The limitation of the waterfall methods in the construction of the Taunton XYZ project are as follows,
Make changes difficult: The waterfall method is based on following a group of steps which always helps in keeping the teams heading forward. The traditional waterfall method does not allow room for unexpected revisions as well as changes. In this case, if the construction team has strictly followed the steps of the waterfall methods up to the end of the Taunton XYZ project but after some time suddenly an unexpected roadblock happens which enables the project to make necessary changes then it is not easy in this method. The project manager is required to put a considerable amount of work into the construction project by taking rigid as well as specific assumptions. The sudden changes in any of the parameters of the Taunton XYZ projects could prove much of the work to the manager of the project useless and can change the full deadline of the construction project as one stage is fully dependent upon the later stages. The chosen approach works in a chronological manner and hence, it increases the delivery time of the project outcomes. On the contrary, the sequential management involved in the waterfall method may lead the project manager to miss the assumed project deadline. In case, the project leader decided to follow the waterfall method route, make the lucid chart template to the version of the team of the waterfall methods to keep every team member aware of the implementation of the adjusted process.
Exclude the end-users or clients: Being the waterfall method is an internal process, it concentrates very less on the end clients associated with the Taunton XYZ construction projects. The key purpose of the waterfall method is to assist the internal team more rapidly through the stages of the construction projects (Mazin Ali Almomani, 2020). The waterfall methodology does not involve the utilisation of end-users and clients during the digital management conference which makes it difficult for the project manager to evaluate the needs of the clients. The process of quality control is difficult by the waterfall method is similar task is assigned to every employee during the project (Karakasidis, 2019). On the other hand, the works accomplished before can be invalidated since the chosen method focuses on real-time project management.
Delays testing till the project finishes: Saving the testing stages till the last half of the construction project is found to be risky for the project. As per the waterfall methods, it tells the project team to wait till step four out of the six steps in testing the products. For instance, outside the software industry, the testing stages could mean showing the new website designs to the end-users. Taking any steps to gain the empirical data on the possibilities of the project is required. At that point in time, the project is likely to take considerable time to finish so the large revisions may affect significant delays in the deadline (Chumpitaz et al. 2020). The waterfall methodology is able to identify any technical error only during the project phase and unable to pre assume any system error. Those who adopted the waterfall method said that there was not much space for the issues that remained unnoticed till the completion of the construction project that needed large as well as costly changes as the only solution to the problems. In case the manager of the project feels that testing frequently helps the team better and implementation testing at the completion of the construction project stages so that the leaders of the project do not require proceeding until the project manager is informed that the things are going good. The project manager also has the option to adopt different project management methods, which helps revision as well as reflection until the completion of the project.
Recommendation
The entire project requires a systematic execution of the planned activities, for which, the application of an effective communication style is can be recommended which can attract both stakeholders and subscribers to the project (Chang and Tozawa, 2020). Every detail of the project needs to be discussed by the project manager to the stakeholders in order to represent the future opportunities of the project. Since digital management conference requires a lot of technological application, there is a requirement of utilizing advanced technology and the software needs to be of the updated version. On the contrary, an extra speaker needs to be kept as a backup plan in case there arises any problem in the original speaker at the digital conference (AbouRizk and Wales, 2021). The whole budget preparation needs to be done in the supervision of an expert and an extra budget needs to be accumulated in case there is any shortage of budget during the project execution. On the other hand, all the project accommodations are required to be arranged with proper time management (Gido, 2018). The project manager needs to check the security level of the software to be used in the digital management conference.
Conclusion
The waterfall methodology will help the project in securing sustainable development and derive a positive outcome in the completion of the project. The prime findings of this report suggest that the Waterfall methodology has been very beneficial in completing projects that are aligned with construction projects. However, it was also found that the Waterfall methodology has a direct impact on developing software or the business productivity of a project. In simpler words, it can be stated that the construction site of Taunton XYZ will be highly improved by following the waterfall methodology. The reason behind this statement is that this methodology follows a specific sequence, which is essential for driving a positive outcome and benefit in the construction project. Therefore, it can be stated that the waterfall methodology will improve the authenticity and productivity of completing the entire construction project. The justification for choosing this m methodology is quite justified because it will involve inducing better and integrated project management strategies that will improve the overall profit statement of the construction project.
Reference list
Bibliography
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Thesing, T., Feldmann, C. and Burchardt, M., 2021. Agile versus waterfall project management: decision model for selecting the appropriate approach to a project. Procedia Computer Science, 181, pp.746-756.
Thummadi, B.V. and Lyytinen, K., 2020. How much method-in-use matters? A case study of agile and waterfall software projects and their design routine variation. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 21(4), p.7.
Reference
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