Assignment Sample BU7002- Business Research Methods

Topic – New sustainable measure in restoring health and wellbeing of people in the UK

Research aims/question

The aim of this research proposal is to assess sustainable measure for businesses in restoring health and wellbeing of people in the UK. To accomplish this aim, the following research objectives will be achieved on the study completion;

• To assess the factors that have influence on the health and wellbeing of individuals in the UK by business activities
• To evaluate sustainable measures incorporated by the UK businesses in the context of ensuring health and wellbeing of UK people
• To recommend the ways through which the factors/challenges can be mitigated by the sustainable measures

Problem statement

The Sustainable Development Goal is more important than ever since they strive to alter the policies which hinder well-being and reproduce vulnerabilities for the local communities as well as for the businesses (Trivedi et al., 2021). Managing health and wellbeing is the major concern in the UK because of the changing lifestyle, businesses are more inclined towards earning instead of being responsible towards community and government had developed variety of sustainable measures to mitigate the challenges. The main focus of the businesses is to restore the health and wellbeing of public in the UK to accomplish the SDG-3 (Sundewall & Forsberg, 2020). Along with the pandemic, the wellbeing and health of UK population is being affected through increasing pollution, unemployment, poor housing as well as poverty, thus, the main reason to conduct this study is to highlight new measures that are will assist businesses in restoring the health and wellbeing of public in the region. Public health consideration is essential for businesses since it enable them to comply with CSR initiatives. The health and well being-ness is associated with the physical and mental health.

Literature Review

Factors those have influence on the UK public health and wellbeing

As per the view of Robinson et al., (2021) a person’s health is a valuable possession. It is required for a happy and wealthy community. Factors including education as well as employment, accommodation, as well as the scope toward which the society encourages sustainable behaviours and socialisation have the greatest impact on the wellbeing and health.

According to Sustainable Development Commission, (2021) sustainable behaviour comprises people’s beliefs, conventions, values, as well as perceptions of duty in conscious activities aimed at ensuring well-being for all living beings, particularly current as well as future populations. In the context of encouraging the sustainable behaviour, SDG-17 is considered to contribute the key goals. SDG 17 demands for a co-operation for sustainable development. The aim emphasises the significance of worldwide socioeconomic stabilization as well as the necessity to generate monetary capacity for emerging economies from both local and foreign sources, and also via stronger domestic tax collecting capacity.

Political, cultural, financial, ecologic, as well as contextual influences all have an impact on people’s health by the businesses. Such elements influence the circumstances in which people are born, develop, reside, engage, as well as mature. It also impacted by the allocation of power, wealth as well as resources throughout the community. Even though at lower economic degrees the wellbeing of a population is connected to GDP, over a certain point this relationship becomes a lot more complicated.

On the other hand, Gonsalves & Yamey, (2020) argued that the social determinants framework is essential since it aims to determine the ‘causative factors of the influences’ – for example, the unfairness in socioeconomic conditions which may describe a child emerging asthma related to bad living conditions as well as absence of availability to greenery, or the psycho – social impacts of a low-paid, seasonal job on a labourer’s danger of generating psychological stress as well as developing heart problems.  These circumstances are substantially, if not entirely, beyond a person’s life. However for the businesses, the issues are controllable for an extent by focusing on the ecological impact.

In association with health and wellbeing concept in businesses, Hefferon et al., (2021) stated that health encompasses not only a person’s physical health, however often the mental, intellectual, as well as culturally well-being of the entire society, whereby each person is allowed to reach their full human potential functioning, resulting in the public’s overall well-being.

Qiu, Sha & Scott, (2021) mentioned that for a variety of causes, people may feel socially isolated. Poverty, advanced years, psychiatric disorder, or a physically or cognitive impairment are all possible factors. However, these issues are not applicable for the business context for social community, but for employees, internal corporate environment have significant impact on physical and mental wellbeing. Everyone’s wellness as well as capacity to reach their full potential may be harmed as a result of their absence. There are various organisations that are working hard to combat socioeconomic inequality as well as make the health more equitable for everybody. Apart from this there are some new sustainable measures that also worked towards restoring the health and wellbeing of public health in the UK.

New sustainable measures incorporated in the context of restoring health and wellbeing of UK people

As per the view of Gearey, (2020) UK sustainable development strategy is being incorporated to restore the health and wellbeing of individual within the region. In association of the strategy, the author further stated that countries engaging throughout the pursuit for much more inclusive sustainable, ecological, as well as financial prospects are required under Agenda 21 to establish national plans for their long-term growth. It will have significant impact on the process of sustainable policy development for the businesses by adhering them to include relevant steps and actions. Further, the impact will be considered on UK administration’s concept of sustainable development that is based on four major goals: maintaining high as well as steady standards of financial development as well as employment; effective environmental preservation; careful use of environmental assets; as well as social advancement that acknowledges the interests of all (LinusWealth, 2018).

Further, Reese, Kohler & Menzel, (2021) stated that everyone has the right to a clean, healthy, as well as secure surroundings, according to the UK Sustainable Growth Framework. Pollution, hunger, substandard accommodation, as well as joblessness may all be reduced to attain this goal. To safeguard people as well as ecological wellbeing, worldwide ecological concerns including global warming as well as bad air quality should be minimised. Non-renewable assets, like energy sources, must not be abandoned immediately; rather, they must be used effectively as well as replacements developed to gradually transition it out. Ultimately, everyone has the entitlement to a decent quality of life and greater career prospects. If the United Kingdom is to flourish, economic progress is necessary. All need a population with the right training and competencies, as well as a structure to assist them.

Considering the effect, it can be identified that when a company implements a sustainable plan, it may lower the quantity of emissions as well as pollutants it produces, this benefits the environment. They could also improve the number of recyclable materials as well as reduce wastage by designing more lasting goods.

On the other hand, O’Connor et al., (2021) argued that the UK Sustainable Measures initiative acknowledges the requirement for a new, highly ecologically conscious strategy to growth, particularly in the areas of transportation, energy generation, as well as waste disposal. The government wants to see income activity persist, however in a more sustainable way, such that the expenses of progress do not even lead to unsustainable resource depletion or health inequality. The UK Strategy prioritises altering the way people perceive regarding health and wellbeing. The United Kingdom’s sustainable measures are a driving force for reform. The following are the 10 core principles: placing individuals first; taking a long-term view; considering risks and consequences; generating an accessible as well as respectful social framework; countering poverty as well as social isolation; honouring ecological boundaries; the preventative concept; scientific understanding; openness, details, involvement, as well as access to equality. Delivering universal facilities while increasing investment where it is most required. This includes initiatives like increasing funding for nursery as well as schools throughout the poorest neighborhoods (Forward et al., 2021).

According to Baldwin et al., (2019) fair society and healthy lives is also one of the sustainable measures that work on creating equal opportunity for health and wellbeing of individuals. It will have impact on proactively drive the activities required to integrate policies with innovations for healthcare, well-being, including sustainability: a strategy which aligns well to the NHS mission of fostering overall health as well as well-being. Simultaneously, there is an increasing understanding of how the surroundings influences human health and well-being, with the spatially road network increasingly taking into account the long-term effects on standard of living as well as lifestyle variables. Local governments as well as hospital institutions are collaborating more effectively to produce the beneficial, long-term population health which arises from contemporary actions.

However, Stickley et al., (2017) stated that in association with SDG-3, WHO also incorporated new sustainable measures for restoring the health and wellbeing of public. Sustainable development requires people of all ages to lead healthy lifestyles as well as promote well-being. COVID-19 is causing widespread human misery, disrupting the financial system, as well as upsetting the health of individuals and communities throughout the globe. The UN Development Programme noted significant differences in nations’ ability to deal with as well as recovery from of the COVID-19 issue. The epidemic represents a turning point in public health preparation as well as investing in essential 21st-century social programs.

Ways to mitigate the factors/challenges regarding UK public health and wellbeing by the sustainable measures

As per the view of Dawson & Golijani-Moghaddam, (2020) there are various organisations that are working hard to combat socioeconomic inequality as well as make the health more equitable for everybody. Apart from this there are some new sustainable measures that also worked towards restoring the health and wellbeing of public health in the UK. prevention can aid in the reduction of health gaps. In order for it to work, mitigation must be at minimum as successful in the populace’s most vulnerable segments. Improve the health at a little cost: Smoking-related disease can be avoided by preventing people from starting to smoke (prevent complications).

Jensen & Bonde, (2018) stated that the influence of health-improvement treatments on wellness or other consequences is measured in terms of their price. Economic assessments of treatments provided to individuals to modify their actions have produced a significant as well as rising amount of research. There is little data on the cost and efficacy of measures which fix the fundamental disparities in culture, the economics, as well as the physical setting that cause health inequities, including adjustments to taxation as well as compensation or residential renovations. There seems to be a scarcity of data on the expenditures of prevention in relation to their influence on health disparities as well as the real savings achieved via preventive. Furthermore, the data is accumulating, and there is sufficient evidence to justify a proactive strategy to health promotion as well as eliminating health disparities. It is being identified that the work provides stability, safety, as well as a predictable schedule income. It offers efficient use of the resources offering a secure workplace environment and competitive pay as well as policies and procedures that safeguard employees’ health and safety. It creates an atmosphere in which workers may thrive. are aided in their personal growth possibilities, as well as a certain amount of power and independence more than their work.

On the other hand, Thompson, Smith & Cummins, (2018) argued that minimum component valuation for liquor; cigarette taxes; or licensing legislation passed which influences the amount of channels selling these goods and services are examples of programs and decisions which make life simpler for everybody to embrace positive lifestyles by raising the price and/or reducing the delivery of resources harmful to health. Delivering universal facilities while increasing investment where it is most required. This includes initiatives like increasing funding for nursery as well as schools throughout the poorest neighborhoods. Non-renewable assets, like energy sources, must not be abandoned immediately; rather, they must be used effectively as well as replacements developed to gradually transition it out. Ultimately, everyone has the entitlement to a decent quality of life and greater career prospects.

Ibrahim et al., (2021) mentioned that the prejudices, considered altogether, obstruct the creation of evidence needed to know the implications of population-level activity, how longitudinal analysis results, and also how treatments which have been proven to have a beneficial impact may be efficiently transferred into other settings. The relevance of a broader variety of techniques to obtaining evidence is becoming more widely recognized. Moving forward toward larger development and assessment of population-level programs focusing on preventative measures will be aided by: decision – making comprehend the limitations of information found by randomised controlled trials (RCTs) as well as the valuation of different methods to producing proof, global health investigators being trained and supported to start embracing a broader set of methods, as well as the creation of a new generation of public health officials.

According to Morris et al., (2017) Non-renewable assets, like energy sources, must not be abandoned immediately; rather, they must be used effectively as well as replacements developed to gradually transition it out. Ultimately, everyone has the entitlement to a decent quality of life and greater career prospects. If the United Kingdom is to flourish, economic progress is necessary. All need a population with the right training and competencies, as well as a structure to assist them.

Research methodology

The major tools as well as approaches which will be used to perform the study will be outlined throughout this section, which will benefit the whole study in the best way possible. The following are the many methods which will be used during the studies:

Research Philosophy– In non-scientific terminology, research philosophy is described as something that is related and connected with a researcher’s essential ideals and ethics. According to Žukauskas et al., (2018) philosophy has been determined that perhaps the idea is further classified into two fundamental as well as wide classifications: interpretivism as well as positivism. The investigator will use interpretivism research paradigm throughout this project because it helped them obtain subjective views as well as comprehension of new sustainable strategies for restoring people’s health and well-being in the UK (Scally, Jacobson & Abbasi, 2020). With the guidance and cooperation of the preferred philosophy, the investigator will be able to obtain thorough information and comprehension regarding the chosen issue. Another essential justification for using the interpretivism philosophy would be that it will provide the investigator the chance to evaluate the main and important aspects connected with creative sustainable measures in restoring people’s health and well-being in the UK.

Research Approach– The primary plans as well as general processes used by an investigator to gather information are referred to as the methodological approach. In analysis, approaches are additionally divided into two major classifications: inductive as well as deductive. Throughout this research, the inductive technique will be used to assist the investigator in developing a novel idea related to public health as well as wellbeing including UK policy. Moreover, the employment of an inductive method will be regarded more successful for obtaining important as well as realistic data concerning sustainable strategies for restoring health and wellbeing in the context of the UK businesses. Since of the inductive technique, important insight into the setting of the study issue will be gained (Azungah, 2018). Furthermore, it can be stated that the current research is qualitative in nature; therefore, it is additional explanation why an inductive technique will be employed.

Research Design– The entire approach that a researcher might use to acquire and assess relevant information is known as study design. The design is further categorized here into descriptive, experimental, given scenario, informal, as well as exploratory versions, among others. In the context of the current investigation, a descriptive research approach will be used. The primary rationale for using the above-mentioned design would be that it would aid in getting a thorough understanding of the important aspects that are sustainable measures in restoring people’s health and well-being in the UK (Asi & Williams, 2018). It may also be stated that by using a descriptive design, the researcher will be able to acquire more trustworthy as well as factual information on the key measures used by the UK government to improve health and wellbeing.

Data collection method– The study can indeed be performing if the data collection techniques are well considered. It makes it easier to choose the right tools and approaches. Investigation will be conducted out in a substantial way, allowing for more effective information collection. In practice, main and secondary data is main approach for the study research. Study will be conducted out in a substantial way, allowing for more effective information collection. In this study, secondary data will be the chosen method. The data will be collected through focusing on various sources like books, journals, as well as internet publications. The chosen instrument will be collecting 40 different articles and publications relevant to the topic that will help in collecting the information. It will guarantee that the sources accessible are relevant to the issue, such as sustainable strategies for restoring people’s health and wellbeing in the United Kingdom (Seidman, 2017). Focusing on authentic sources will yield valuable data for the study.

Ethical consideration– The ethical issues of the investigation will be carefully examined by the investigator in order to achieve success as well as guarantee that the study’s aims are met. Throughout the current study, no governmental information from the United Kingdom will be violated with external members in order to maintain an efficient emphasis on ethical considerations. The use of morality is often take into account, as infringement safeguards will be used as well as any type of material will be copied and pasted (Iphofen & Tolich, 2018). Evaluation of sources as well as citations will also aid in fulfilling the ethics components of the study in a correct manner. To emphasis on morals, a structured approach based on the research project requirements will be used.

Research Limitations– Since the present difficulties, research constraints are regarded as elements which could impact the overall efficacy of the investigation. Issues concerning analysis as well as its execution may arise, which may have an impact on the entire study. Another of the major issues or limitations that will be hampered data collecting is a lack of additional information on the internet. Because of the resource constraints, the efficacy of information collection will suffer as well. Another restriction that will impact the study as well as act as a barrier in resolving the research issue is improper use of time as well as the type of main study. A significant drawback of the study is the limited option of inclusion criteria.

Plan of work- Gantt chart

References

Books and Journals

Asi, Y. M., & Williams, C. (2018). The role of digital health in making progress toward Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 in conflict-affected populations. International journal of medical informatics, 114, 114-120. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S138650561730415X

Azungah, T. (2018). Qualitative research: deductive and inductive approaches to data analysis. Qualitative Research Journal. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/QRJ-D-18-00035/full/html

Baldwin, S., Malone, M., Sandall, J., & Bick, D. (2019). A qualitative exploratory study of UK first-time fathers’ experiences, mental health and wellbeing needs during their transition to fatherhood. BMJ open, 9(9), e030792. https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/9/9/e030792.abstract

Dawson, D. L., & Golijani-Moghaddam, N. (2020). COVID-19: Psychological flexibility, coping, mental health, and wellbeing in the UK during the pandemic. Journal of contextual behavioral science, 17, 126-134. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2212144720301654

Forward, C., Khan, H. T., Fox, P., & Usher, L. (2021). The health and wellbeing of older women living alone in the UK: is living alone a risk factor for poorer health?. Ageing International, 1-23. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12126-021-09426-w

Gearey, M. (2020). The Challenges of Changing Governance: Curating New Civic Identities for Health and Wellbeing. In Naturally Challenged: Contested Perceptions and Practices in Urban Green Spaces (pp. 117-142). Springer, Cham. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-44480-8_6

Gonsalves, G., & Yamey, G. (2020). Political interference in public health science during covid-19. https://www.bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m3878

Hefferon, C., Taylor, C., Bennett, D., Falconer, C., Campbell, M., Williams, J. G., … & Taylor-Robinson, D. (2021). Priorities for the child public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic recovery in England. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 106(6), 533-538. https://adc.bmj.com/content/106/6/533.abstract

Ibrahim, F., McHugh, N., Biosca, O., Baker, R., Laxton, T., & Donaldson, C. (2021). Microcredit as a public health initiative? Exploring mechanisms and pathways to health and wellbeing. Social Science & Medicine, 270, 113633. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0277953620308522

Iphofen, R., & Tolich, M. (Eds.). (2018). The SAGE handbook of qualitative research ethics. Sage. https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&lr=&id=inhJDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=research+ethics&ots=CyARmWmZMu&sig=zROTH_0_WDkR7Z_HpnmX49PiX0I&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=research%20ethics&f=false

Jensen, A., & Bonde, L. O. (2018). The use of arts interventions for mental health and wellbeing in health settings. Perspectives in public health, 138(4), 209-214. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1757913918772602

Morris, G. P., Reis, S., Beck, S. A., Fleming, L. E., Adger, W. N., Benton, T. G., & Depledge, M. H. (2017). Scoping the proximal and distal dimensions of climate change on health and wellbeing. Environmental Health, 16(1), 69-76. https://ehjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12940-017-0329-y

O’Connor, R. C., Wetherall, K., Cleare, S., McClelland, H., Melson, A. J., Niedzwiedz, C. L., … & Robb, K. A. (2021). Mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 Mental Health & Wellbeing study. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 218(6), 326-333. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-british-journal-of-psychiatry/article/mental-health-and-wellbeing-during-the-covid19-pandemic-longitudinal-analyses-of-adults-in-the-uk-covid19-mental-health-wellbeing-study/F7321CBF45C749C788256CFE6964B00C

Qiu, M., Sha, J., & Scott, N. (2021). Restoration of Visitors through Nature-Based Tourism: A Systematic Review, Conceptual Framework, and Future Research Directions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 2299. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/5/2299

Reese, G., Kohler, E., & Menzel, C. (2021). Restore or get restored: The effect of control on stress reduction and restoration in virtual nature settings. Sustainability, 13(4), 1995. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/4/1995

Robinson, J. M., Brindley, P., Cameron, R., MacCarthy, D., & Jorgensen, A. (2021). Nature’s role in supporting health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A geospatial and socioecological study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(5), 2227. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/5/2227

Scally, G., Jacobson, B., & Abbasi, K. (2020). The UK’s public health response to covid-19. https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1932.abstract

Seidman, G. (2017). Does SDG 3 have an adequate theory of change for improving health systems performance?. Journal of global health, 7(1). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5441444/

Stickley, T., Parr, H., Atkinson, S., Daykin, N., Clift, S., De Nora, T., … & Hogan, S. J. (2017). Arts, health & wellbeing: reflections on a national seminar series and building a UK research network. Arts & Health, 9(1), 14-25. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17533015.2016.1166142

Sundewall, J., & Forsberg, B. C. (2020). Understanding health spending for SDG 3. The Lancet, 396(10252), 650-651. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30963-6/fulltext

Thompson, C., Smith, D., & Cummins, S. J. S. S. (2018). Understanding the health and wellbeing challenges of the food banking system: A qualitative study of food bank users, providers and referrers in London. Social Science & Medicine, 211, 95-101. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953618302739

Trivedi, N., Trivedi, V., Moorthy, A., & Trivedi, H. (2021). Recovery, restoration, and risk: a cross-sectional survey of the impact of COVID-19 on GPs in the first UK city to lock down. BJGP open, 5(1). https://bjgpopen.org/content/5/1/BJGPO.2020.0151?utm_source=TrendMD&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=BJGP_Open_TrendMD_0

Žukauskas, P., Vveinhardt, J., & Andriukaitienė, R. (2018). Philosophy and paradigm of scientific research. Management Culture and Corporate Social Responsibility, 121. https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&lr=&id=UMaPDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA121&dq=research+philosophy&ots=pG1IbFTmHH&sig=tq6oxWzxvubAUZRmgJBHt4OliOg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=research%20philosophy&f=false

Online

LinusWealth, (2018). UK SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY. [Online]. Accessed through <https://www.sustainable-environment.org.uk/Action/UK_Strategy.php>.

NHS Health Scotland, (2019). Economics of prevention. [Online]. Accessed through <http://www.healthscotland.scot/media/1089/economics-of-prevention-mar16.pdf>.

Sustainable Development Commission, (2021). The principles. [Online]. Accessed through <http://www.sd-commission.org.uk/pages/the_principles.html>.

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