CIS108-6 Data Modelling, Management and Governance Assignment Sample
Introduction
A model of data governance is a framework which outlines systems and processes for data maintenance and storage, creation, as well as disposal of data. Rather than a single data model for governance used by each company, which is also observed in this scenario, there are different kinds of models of data governance. Data modeling is a method used for defining as well as analyzing requirements of data required for supporting the processes of the company within the systems of information in companies; where the method of modeling of data includes modelers of data who are professional and also closely working with stakeholders of the company, as well.
The data governance implementation which is technical is called data management. Enterprise management of data allows the enforcement and execution of processes and policies. This topic is going to be covered as well as discussed here with respect to the scenario which is given here.
Analysis
Design
The design which is shown here is based on ERD and the Use-case diagram. The discussion is also shown based on these diagrams. All the points which are needed for the analysis, design and implementation are shown here or displayed here (Abraham et al. 2019). This is helpful for giving the shape to the proposed work and also showing the other aspects of design which are required here and all the points are clearly shown and discussed here. An ER diagram is essential here for designing the data models of the database. For designing a new model of data, preparation of an ER diagram here helps with essential for capturing as well as the requirements of the document system.
This is actually a representation of domain data. This contains relationships as well as entities between the entities. An entity can be a physical object, tangible like a student or school, or a concept like transaction or a reply. The design is vital for making the concept of the topic clear and understandable in this proposed project work. The ERD design and the use case diagram is going to be discussed here and shown here properly and helps in the implementation of the database (Adeabah et al. 2018). Here, in this case, the sports club database implementation is shown here which is going to be discussed here and also helps in understanding the required work. The diagram holds importance because it clearly shows the entities, attributes and other relations here properly and also helps in understanding the work properly and also helps in giving a proper shape and structure to the work. The ER diagram uses a symbols set which is defined, like diamonds, rectangles, connecting lines and ovals which is also shown here in this work too and this is also needed for depicting the interconnections of relationships, entities as well as their attributes.
They help in mirroring the grammatical structure, with entities as relationships and nouns as verbs. This is also given here because the data modeling, management and the governance is clearly shown here and also clearly shown here with the intention and focus of clearly projecting the work and the entities as well as the attributes are clearly shown here and the above code and the output snips which are shown above is properly shown here and all the entities and other aspects of the entities are shown here and helps in identifying relations between the columns and the attributes.
The use -case diagram has also identified the use-cases and the key actors in the system as well as clearly displaying which use cases each actor has access to and help in defining the values clearly. An ER model which is designed here outlines the structure of the database needed to implement the new sports club record system of the database on “Sports Club Management System”.
A database solution which is designed as well as implemented here and all the values are inserted here and this is important for checking whether the design which is performed is accurate or not. All the entities and the attributes are also designed with a proper relation and helps in giving a clear idea and helps in identifying the values of the database here and also help in designing of the ER model and the use case diagram of the UML which is designed here is clearly shown and has helped in properly understanding the proposed work.
The database design which is implemented here in the form of ER diagram and the use-case diagram is shown here clearly and all the values are inserted here and help in the identification of the proper attributes and the entities along with the relations which are shown here based on the work.
Use-case diagram
The use case diagram which is related to the sports club management system is shown below and discussed as well.
Figure 1: Use case diagram on sports club
(Source: Self-created on draw.io)
Use-case diagram on sports club management system is shown above where the actors such as Non-member, Customer, Member, Administrator & Payment Agent is shown above and some attributes are shown such as “Check Equipment”, “View Information”, “Payment”, “Reserve Equipment and Arena”, “Change Trainer”, “Manage Information” & “History”, “Login” & “Register” is shown above (Al-Badi et al. 2018). A relation between non-member and register is shown here which means a new user can sign-up or register in the site and already registered or existing customers can login or sign-in into the site, check their personal equipment, view information, history of payments, reserve equipment and arena required for the sports club. A member of the club can change trainers, payment is processed through a payment agent and received from the customer and administrator manages information from their site which is also shown in the relation in the above use-case diagram.
This use-case diagram has identified the key actors and the use-cases which are required in the system and shown above accordingly, which also displays clearly which use cases each actor has a clear access and needed based on the given scenario of the sports club management system database and also made clear and understandable in this proposed work (Al-Ruithe et al. 2018). The use-case diagram is very important because it helps in describing the functions which are high-level as well as a system scope as shown in the above use case diagram. The diagrams also help in the identification of the interactions between the actors of the system and the system itself.
The actors and use cases in use-case diagrams for UML modeling explain or discuss what the system does as well as how the actors use it, but not how the system internally operates. In UML, model diagrams of use-case help in modeling the system behavior as well as help in capturing the system requirements. Diagrams of use-case define and illustrate the requirements and context of either the system’s important parts or an entire or complete system.
Complex system can be modeled here with a diagram which is a single use-case, or help in creating many diagrams of use-case for modeling the system components. Diagrams of use-case are typically developed in the initial stages of a project as well as help in referring to them throughout the process of development (Benkhelifa et al. 2019). Use-case diagrams are helpful before beginning a project, use-case diagrams are created for modeling a business so that all the project participants help in sharing an understanding of the customers, workers, as well as activities of the business. While gathering the requirements, use-case diagrams are created for capturing the requirements of the system as well as for presenting to others what the system should also do or perform here. During the design and analysis stages, use cases are used here as well as the actors involved in the diagrams of use-case for identification of the classes which are required by the system (Bennett et al. 2019). During the phase of testing, the use-case diagrams can be used here for identifying tests of the system. With respect to the scenario of a sports club database which is given here, this use-case diagram has been designed as well as implemented accordingly (Jameel et al. 2019). In use-case diagrams, use cases, actors, subsystems and relationships in use-case diagrams are used here in which use case explains a system function which is performed for achieving the goal of the user. A use case should yield a result which is observable which is of value to the system user.
An actor helps in representing an user role which interacts within the proposed system which is modeled by the user. The user can be a company, a machine, a human user, or another system which is external. In UML models, stereotyped components are subsystems which indicate behavioral, independent system units (Janssen et al. 2020). Subsystems are useful in component, class, as well as use-case diagrams for representing components in a large scale in the system which is to be modeled. In UML, a connection or link between the modal elements is called a relationship. A UML relationship is a model element type which includes model semantics by defining or specifying the behavior and structure between the elements of a model.
Use cases help in adding value as they help describe the way of system behavior and in the process, they help in brainstorming about what can go wrong as well. They give a goals list and this list is used for establishing the complexity and cost of the system with respect to the above given scenario of a sports club.
Process of design is relatively easier on draw.io by including the actors and the attributes and showing them as relations which is done in a relatively simpler way. The decisions of taking 5 actors and their respective attributes with a proper relation between them is taken here. Initially, few challenges or issues were faced in this step of use-case diagram while drawing or designing the diagram but later on no such challenges or issues were faced while drawing or designing this use-case diagram.
Entity relationship model
An entity-relationship model diagram on sports club management systems is shown below and discussed as well.
Figure 2: Entity-relationship model diagram on sports club
(Source: Self-created on draw.io)
The diagram which is shown above is an ER diagram on sports club management systems where the entities namely Member, Coach, activity and session is shown above. Each entity has certain attributes such as Member entity has attributes Member_Id, Mem_name, Address, Phone, Activity entity has attributes Act_Id, Desc, Act_name, session entity has attributes session_desc and session_id and coach entity has attributes Coach_Id, C_name, C_ph, Age which has respective relations between them such as Supervises relation is in between Coach and Activity, Has relation is in between Activity and Session, and sign-up relation is in between member and activity which shows the relations between them in such a way which means a new member will signup or register for performing an activity (Katzenbach and Ulbricht, 2019). The relation between coach and activity is 1:1 type, the relation between activity and session is 1:N type, and the relation between member and activity is N:M type of relation. This ERD model has also outlined the structure of the database as shown in the above diagram which is required or needed for implementing the new sports club record system here in which this database “Sports Club Management System” is created or formed and also implemented properly as well. ER Diagram is very much important to give a clear structure and shape to the project and the entities as well as attributes is clearly outlined with arrows and shown and the relation of attributes with each of the entities is also clearly shown and explained in order to give a proper look of the diagram and the proposed work. The relations which are given above help in understanding the clarity of the work and the diagram and also shows how much they are related to each other.
ER diagram is useful or essential to model the data which is stored in the database as shown in the above diagram with respect to the given scenario of a sports club here. It is the actual design upon which a database is to be built. ER diagrams define or specify which data to be stored: the attributes and their entities. They also display the way of relation of entities with other entities. Another advantage of ER diagrams with respect to the sports club management system database scenario is that they help in representing the data which is shown here or displayed here in a graphical way (Meijer, 2018). This makes it simpler for folks of the business to understand and analyze the data properly as well. Few tables with respective attributes and lines which indicate the relationships between the given tables are shown as in the above ER diagram. ER diagram is needed for gathering requirements, promoting communication and interaction, maintaining and modifying a database. Entity relationship diagrams help in viewing entities as in real life or real world. It is also vital for assisting the database developer, tool of documentation, database logic.
Process of design which is used in the above diagram is relatively complex and tougher on draw.io as well and which includes the entities, attributes and relations between them respectively. The decisions are taken by selecting four entities with their respective attributes and also a relation is used here. The type of relations such as 1:1, N:M, & 1:N are used here and a unique primary key for each of the attributes of each of the five entities are used here for representing a relationship between them. Similar to the use-case diagram while drawing or designing this ER diagram initially few issues or challenges were faced but later on no issues or challenges were faced while designing or drawing this ER diagram.
SQL statements to create table
The create table statement of sports table using SQL is shown or displayed here below that is its proper framework or structure of the table is shown or displayed below and discussed properly as well.
Figure 3: Create table structure of sports club
(Source: Self-created on Xampp)
This snip shows the sports club table creation along with its attributes such as the Member Reference Number, First Name, Surname, Address, Telephone Number, Email Address, Date of Birth, Medical Conditions etc. are shown above with their respective type and collation with all their attributes and other features and aspects are shown in this above snip. In this way, the table is created and the database is implemented properly as well and the table creation on the sports table is shown above and discussed before clearly as well. The values or attributes are shown above and this is given and explained in the scenario of the sports club. Each of the tables in the database is created here properly and systematically. Creation of tables is important for giving the table a proper structure and the database is created based on the creation of the given table. This sports club table contains the given attributes unique member reference number which is a primary key constraint here, as well as storing of first name, address, surname, telephone number, date of birth, email address and any medical conditions if there is also shown here and the attributes of sports club staff member has a staff number which is a primary key constraint, first name, role, surname as well as a contact number is also shown above in respect of the given table which is also required for the creation of the table and clearly discussed in this proposed work. The create table structure is created on Xampp and gives the database a solid look and helps in understanding the work properly.
Tables are used for storing data in the database. Tables are uniquely named within a schema and a database. Each of the tables consists of one or more columns. And each of the columns has an associated data type which defines the type of data to be stored by it. E.g., strings, numbers, or temporal data. For creation of the sports table which is shown in this snip, firstly specifying the database name is important where the table is created.
The name of the database should be the existing database. If it is not specified, the name of the database will default itself to the present database. Secondly, specifying the schema in which the new sports table belongs. Thirdly, the name of a new table needs to be specified. Fourthly, each of the tables needs to have a primary key which is given or specified here too in this sports table database creation snip which contains one or many columns.
Typically, listing of the columns firstly in the primary key and then the rest of the columns is very important here. If the primary key consists only of a single column, primary key keywords are used after the name of the column. When the primary key contains two or more columns, the primary key constraint needs to be specified as a constraint of a table. Each column has a data type which is associated with which is specified after the statement name. A column can have more than one column constraints like UNIQUE and NOT NULL. Finally, a table can have few constraints which are specified in the section of table constraints like PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, CHECK and UNIQUE. This CREATE TABLE sql statement is more complicated and has many options than the above given snip.
The process of design which is used here is to create table syntax and enter its attributes as a proper tasking area which is given here in the above scenario of the sports club database design. The decisions which are taken here are introducing table statements properly in a systematic way with their respective attributes. Execution or running challenge or issue was faced initially while executing or running this create table SQL query but later on no such issue or challenge was faced in the execution of the above create table SQL statement whose structure is shown in the above snip and making them execute properly and systematically as well.
SQL queries
The analysis of codes using MySQL are done here which is executed or run here and its discussion is done based on the topic of “Data Modeling, Management and Governance” is shown here in the form of snips. The queries are shown and discussed in such a manner through the above snips so that no confusion arises while doing the work properly and systematically.
Figure 4: Selecting all values of the sports club
(Source: Self-created on Xampp)
The table namely “sports club” which is created and displayed here and whose all the values are shown here based on the number of values inserted. This query is executed here and all the values are displayed here. This gives a clear idea of the values which are required to be selected as the records from the above table sports club table. This is clearly very much important for the purpose of giving the database a solid structure after creation of the table. The selection of all the values or records will be shown here through the above statement. This is required for knowing the number of records or values that need to be entered or added in the table of the database. The analysis of this query or script snippet gives an idea of what will be the executed value or record here by executing the above statement or query.
Figure 5: Insertion of the values or records in the table sports club
(Source: Self-created on Xampp)
The table namely “sports club” which is created contains the values or the records in the table “sports club” which is executed by this query. The table contains the columns or attributes “Member Reference Number”, “First Name”, “Surname”, “Address”, “Telephone Number”, “Email Address”, “Date of Birth”, and “Medical Conditions” which contains respective values which is required for creation of a database record. Many values or records can be inserted apart from the inserted value which is shown in the snip and it also helps in focusing with the values which are necessary and is required for the insertion. This is very helpful regarding the usage of certain values which are necessary with respect to the above scenario of a sports club which is shown above and clearly discussed as well. Any number of values or records can be stored in the above table which gives a clear idea about the values which are required to be stored here and which also help in understanding the actual motive of the work and also help in the formation and proper creation of records in the database tables. This insert into and values statement also help in understanding the processes behind the execution or run of these records or values of the sports table of the database. This is vital regarding knowing the number of inserted records as well as other records which can be entered here as well. All the attributes or columns and their respective values are correctly entered or added in the table of the database to give the database a solid and a proper structure and also help in giving the perspective of whether the values are executed correctly or not here in this proposed work.
Figure 6: The output of Sports Club table
(Source: Self-created on Xampp)
Here, two values or records are inserted in this table “Sports Club” which is shown in the form of a database record where each of the values are stored here based on the scenario of the sports club which is given here and the requirements which are proposed here. This output is required for the testing and implementation of the database and also giving a clear idea about what are the things which are achieved here and also help in attaining stability and the display of the two records in the above sports club table and helps in giving a proper structure of the database. In this proposed work, the values which are required for the implementation of the database are very much vital here and help in giving clear solidarity and stability of the database and inserting the values which are required here for the betterment of the work. Staff and sports club staff members have checked in and updated their personal details, sports center staff for recording attendance of the class for teaching purposes, and each member has also helped in viewing their weekly or daily bookings of activity which are given here based on the given scenario. The values which are inserted here as the output is very vital for this transformation of data and also help in giving the database a solid look and gives a clear structure of the database. The values which should be inserted here as the records are very important for giving the database a complete and a proper structure. Two records or values which are entered or added here are displayed or shown here clearly with respect to the above values or records. The correct form of execution or running of the values is necessary here in order to give the database a clear and solid look and also ensures that multiple records can be entered or added here where two records or values are shown in the above coding snip of this proposed work as well as clearly and systematically shows all the values or records to be displayed in the output of this proposed work.
SQL queries are used to execute the statements in the table of the database so that no error or any issue arises while executing the queries. Correct queries of SQL are needed to be given here so that no issue arises while executing the table of the database. All the SQL queries needs to be given in a clear and correct format based on the respective syntax of each of the attributes or columns which is needed or required to be given here otherwise the probable chances of errors will be there so that needs to be kept in mind and this also ensures that there will be no redundancy or duplication of data.
The process of design is the select statement, insert statement through which the final output is to be displayed here. The process of design also includes certain other aspects and features which are required to be introduced here. The decisions which are taken is selection of correct and accurate data which is given in the scenario through which the records are displayed in the database table here. In a similar manner as the create table sql statement above initially, the running or execution issue or challenge was there while running or executing the SQL queries or scripts but later on no such issuer challenge was there during the run or execution of the three SQL scripts or queries which was required in the given scenario of the sports club database system in this proposed work.
Conclusion
This report develops a detailed understanding of database management systems and diagrams. Here, the primary task is to design a database for the sports club. At the first part of this report, a brief introduction is provided which conveys the information of data modeling and data management techniques that can be used to store and manage a large amount of data. The first objective of this report was to develop a use case diagram which defines the tasks of different users of the system. Here it can be seen that there are different users such as admin, customer, and designers. The tasks of all these users are defined in this use case diagram. A diagramming software or web application is used to develop the use case diagram of the system. The next objective of the report was to develop an entity relationship diagram which represents different classes that are present in the database. This entity relationship diagram was also developed using the same tool used for creating the use case diagram. The boxes of an entity relationship diagram represent the classases and the oval diagrams represent the attributes of the classes. The last task of this report was to develop an SQL table. The XAMPP software is used here to create the SQL table. First, a new database is created in the software and then the required table is created here. Then the columns of the table are created according to the provided case study. The type of all the fields of the table are specified in the table. Lastly, the table is populated with values. Some SQL queries were also executed to print the values. These tasks are analyzed and discussed in detail in this report. This report can be concluded by stating that, database management system is a complex task and several pieces of information about the system must be gathered in order to create a database based on the system.(CIS108-6 Data Modelling, Management and Governance Assignment Sample)
Reference List
Journals
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