Assignment Sample on The Efficiency of a PV Plant
Research Context and Rationale
Background of the Study
Present study is primarily related to failures that might occur during lifetime of modules, strings and other devices that are operated in PV plant. Requirement of a policy to optimise costs in PV plant is an important criterion to maximise energy production of the plant. Use of unmanned aerial vehicles is considered to be a promising policy of maintenance based on techniques such as electro-luminescence, thermography and visual inspections. The study provides an outline of most commonly used Mathematical models of PV models. An innovative approach for selection of valid tool is applied to support decisions about actions for maintenance on PV plants. Renewable sources are often considered to be an essential factor to reach global targets for carbon emission reduction.
Aim
Primary aim of the paper is to propose an advanced approach to analyse raw data achieved with an inspection of aerial thermography on PV plant with the use of a drone.
Objectives
- To identify failure type related to all hotspot
- To determine major power losses due to failures
- To estimate losses of deriving economy
Rationale
Major diagnostic techniques used for reduction of failure in PV plant are visual inspection, ElectroLuminescence imaging, electrical measurement and thermographic inspection. It is considered in PV plant that lack of proper strategy for failure detection on time might cost a lot of money. As per the opinion of Ali et al. (2018), it is important for organizations to be more active while determining any chance of failure in systems. Thermography is used by many organised to become more efficient by a selection of structural defects and thermal bridges. Most of the times thermal imaging is used to detect issues in systems before failure of systems.
High pixel images can be gained with the implementation of drone imaging system and efficiency of overall work process gets enhanced with its use. PV plant use thermal camera to determine primary issues on time in order to reduce chance of more problems in future. As stated by Bag et al. (2018), comparison needs to be done by companies after using drone imaging system in order to gain a better knowledge regarding primary issues. The losses due to module ageing are around 4.5% that is equivalent to the percentage of a single diode circuit. Power losses that are found in most cases are around 38.1% which is considered to be perfect to proceed with further processes in PV plant (Pinceti et al. 2019).
Inspection of plants can be conducted quiet easily with the help of drone imaging system due to its ability to provide exact data. Finding energy sources and scanning inefficiencies in PV plan is comfortably done with the help of multiple drone support thermal imaging. Thermal scanning of major activities conducted in huge plants is determined with system of drone imaging. As opined by Center (2017), flash test is important to determine power losses during cells of two cracked systems. Determination of thermographic imaging helps to showcase one primary hotspot with a space corresponding to another substring having a thermal temperature of around 5° C.
Efficiency of cells are often reduced to almost 30% and basic parameters of aged model are being featured with the help of Simscape model. Flash test is the most commonly used technique by most of the PV plants to bring all processes in PV plant under control. As stated by Dai (2020), inspection needs to conducted on a regular basis with the help of a drone imaging system in order to judge all procedures in plant. Thermal imaging drones are mostly equipped to calculate efficiency of PV plant since it shows all conducted tasks in plant and helps to give an idea regarding required changes.
Ontological Consideration
Ontological consideration taken for completion of this research is inductive research approach. Primary reason behind selecting this research approach above abductive and deductive research approach is its ability to test theory. Inductive reasoning has helped researcher to work on primary arguments and creation of hypothesis in research. As per the study of Halwachs et al. (2019), researchers are required to conduct a proper observation of research study in order to maintain the effectiveness of research. Application of inductive research approach has created opportunities for researcher to simulate Simscape model. Adoption of this strategy has provided an in-depth study of models and theories used for consideration of recalculation of major parameters.
Broad generalizations can be done through specific observation with the implementation of inductive research approach. Development of theory has been conducted in this study due to which it can be determined that inductive approach is better for use in this sort of research. As stated by Huang et al. (2017), it is important for researcher to implement most appropriate research approach to achieve best possible result. On the other hand, abductive research approach has not been considered for this research since it is conducted in studies that are related to puzzles or surprising facts. No empirical phenomena are used by researcher to find out major factors related to multiple drone-supported thermal imaging to determine efficiency in PV plant.
Epistemological Consideration
Positivism research philosophy has been used for conducting the research since it opens scope for researcher to understand social world in an objective way. Analysis of data conducted from PV plant has been done more authentically and efficiently with the use of positivism philosophy. Positivism philosophy has been adopted over pragmatism, transformativism and interpretivism due to its nature of completing research with the help of genuine knowledge. As stated by Khamis et al. (2018), researchers are required to implement proper philosophy for research purpose in order to eliminate issues of authenticity. Positivism is a natural phenomena by application of which the researcher has gained knowledge about major relations and properties.
Positivism philosophy is completely based on studies done through the process of observation and experiment. Research related to drone supported thermal imaging for PV plant has been done with the help of effective experiments. Various parameters and values are determined for completion of the research due to which positivism philosophy has been used over interpretivism and transformativism philosophy. As cited by Kumar et al. (2020), researcher apply proper philosophy to complete experiments in research process and use it to improve quality of research to a great extent. Interpretation of knowledge and concept has been done through rational deduction to create dominance over assumptions made while conducting the research.
Data Collection
Primary data collection method used for completion of the research is the technique of conducting experiments. Experimental data collection technique has helped researcher to change major variables in research and observe all effect on various variables. One major reason behind conducting an experiment is to achieve data by self observation and none of the data is manipulated. As per the opinion of Mohapatra et al. (2017), experiments are conducted by researchers in certain research in order to analyse collected data properly. Quantitative data has been gained by researcher based on the experiment done on drone supported imaging system in PV plant. Effectiveness of the research has been enhanced due to the application of experimental data collection method.
Flash test has been done by researcher to measure electrical systems in PV plant and reduce issue of systems to a great extent. Survey has not been used by researcher for completion of this research since it is limited to data and information achieved from participants. It becomes hard for researcher to understand whether information provided by participants during the process of survey is correct or not. As cited by Nduka and Pal (2017), efficiency of PV plants can be determined by implementation of experiment technique. Action research by focusing on group discussions, performance measurement, interviews and artefacts are not taken into consideration to improve overall quality of research.
Ethical Risks and Comparison
Researchers often use hypothetical data while conducting an experiment during research. It can be considered as a primary ethical risk during completion of research process. Scope of research gets hampered once data are not used effectively to conduct an experiment. Many researchers are there that uses improper information without undergoing any survey regarding the research topic. As stated by Khamis et al. (2018), it is necessary for researchers to maintain ethical considerations by elimination of risks during research process. Ethical risks are there while conducting interview or market survey by engagement of selective participants.
Ethical risks in interview process of research are to conduct it without consent of partipants and manipulating data achieved after interview. However, ethical risk in interview is less compared to other processes of data collection since it is completely done by researchers in their own way. As per the study of Ali et al. (2018), ethical risks are there while conducting research since it sometimes includes participants or implementation of data collected from other secondary sources. Major intention of conducting research is to complete it without any issue of ethics. Confidentiality of experiment data needs to be kept properly by maintenance of effective safety and keeping it safe from other sources.
References
Ali, A.I., Sayed, M.A. and Mohamed, E.E., 2018. Modified efficient perturb and observe maximum power point tracking technique for grid-tied PV system. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 99, pp.192-202. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142061517314539
Bag, A., Subudhi, B. and Ray, P.K., 2018. An adaptive sliding mode control scheme for grid integration of a PV system. CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics and Applications, 3(4), pp.362-371. Available at: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8636488/
Center, BCN Drone. “The Drone Revolution in Spatial Analysis.” (2017). Available at: https://cga-download.hmdc.harvard.edu/publish_web/CGA_Conferences/2017_UAV/2017_UAV_program.pdf
Dai, Y., 2020, February. Impact of Shading Area on PV System. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 440, No. 3, p. 032073). IOP Publishing. Available at: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/440/3/032073/meta
Halwachs, M., Neumaier, L., Vollert, N., Maul, L., Dimitriadis, S., Voronko, Y., Eder, G.C., Omazic, A., Mühleisen, W., Hirschl, C. and Schwark, M., 2019. Statistical evaluation of PV system performance and failure data among different climate zones. Renewable Energy, 139, pp.1040-1060. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148119303003
Huang, C., Wang, L., Yeung, R.S.C., Zhang, Z., Chung, H.S.H. and Bensoussan, A., 2017. A prediction model-guided Jaya algorithm for the PV system maximum power point tracking. IEEE Transactions on sustainable energy, 9(1), pp.45-55. Available at: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7946170/
Khamis, M., Kienle, A., Alt, F. and Bulling, A., 2018, June. GazeDrone: Mobile eye-based interaction in public space without augmenting the user. In Proceedings of the 4th ACM Workshop on Micro Aerial Vehicle Networks, Systems, and Applications (pp. 66-71). Available at: https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3213526.3213539
Kumar, R., Sahu, B., Shiva, C.K. and Rajender, B., 2020. A control topology for frequency regulation capability in a grid integrated PV system. Archives of Electrical Engineering, 69(2), p.22. Available at: http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.element.baztech-079d72c7-0552-418c-8e46-af018791da59
Mohapatra, A., Nayak, B., Das, P. and Mohanty, K.B., 2017. A review on MPPT techniques of PV system under partial shading condition. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 80, pp.854-867. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032117307256
Nduka, O.S. and Pal, B.C., 2017. Harmonic domain modeling of PV system for the assessment of grid integration impact. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 8(3), pp.1154-1165. Available at: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7842603/
Pinceti, P., Profumo, P., Travaini, E. and Vanti, M., 2019, June. Using drone-supported thermal imaging for calculating the efficiency of a PV plant. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2019 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC/I&CPS Europe) (pp. 1-6). IEEE. Available at: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8783238/
Know more about UniqueSubmission’s other writing services:
