ENGM115 Organizations and Systems Assignment Sample
Module code and Title: ENGM115 Organizations and Systems Assignment Sample
Introduction
In business, system design and analysis refers to a process by which current situation of business can be examined within intent of improving better procedures and methods. Purpose of this study is to explore competitive characteristics and external as well as internal capabilities of “Future Fuel Chemical Company” in this first part by using multiple tools and techniques. Second part of this study helps to determine stakeholder relationships in a particular project of “Green Tie capital in Span” by “Shell”.
Part 1: Organisations and Systems analysis – Tools/Techniques – Critical appraisal
Introduction
Organisations and system analysis processes in the bio-fuel and fuel industries assists in generation of sustainability practices along with innovations through analytical tools and techniques. This section highlights usage of appropriate analytical tools and techniques in explanation of organisations and system analysis of “Future Fuel Chemical Company”.
Part 1a) Analysis of tools and techniques along with justification related to Case Study Company
Tools
“Five Whys” is an interrogative method of root cause analysis which covers or traces problems in organisation and system analysis processes. Latino et al. (2019) suggested that root cause analysis in business helps to explore bottom line results towards improving performances. Application of “Five Whys”, an iterative interrogative technique uses in this study to determine current workplace complexities or challenges faced by chemical producing companies. Bagwell (2021) proclaimed the reason behind workplace injury at the site of working due to sudden chemical burn from release of oleum railcar.
In light of this, sudden leakage of oleum as railcar from site had negatively impacted on health and safety practices and resulted in personnel, local community and environment. Using of this analytical tool assists internal management team of companies to explore the reason behind this sudden accident and injury by chemical burn. However, this iterative method failed to determine possible solutions after a root cause analysis. In this regard, usage of Five Whys” technique has been discarded in this study.
“Data Modelling Tool” allows users to construct logical as well as physical data models as compared to usage of traditional and synchronised models. Ramalingam et al. (2020) inferred that usage of ANN model (Artificial Neural Network) as data modelling tool helps to predict parameters of system designs and performances of biofuel companies. Application of data modelling tool helps to determine organisational functionalities and performances in the financial year of 2022 by announcing per share dividend of $0.06 of bio-fuel producing companies (SIMPLY WALL, 2023).
Inclusion of potential dividends on the company’s stock by 32.2% has positively impacted on boosting returns from shareholders. Supporting this context, increasing sustainability in organisational performance paves the way of announcing dividend per share in 2023. However, Van der Nest et al. (2020) contradicted that inclusion of data modelling tool is only appropriate in exploring longitudinal data along with limited information.
Use of this tool in system designing and organisational performance determination process has created potential disruption by limiting only longitudinal data in terms of trading activities. On the other hand, limited information regarding effect of increasing dividend structure on competitiveness of organisational process was missing and created potential loopholes in the analysis process. In this regard, usage of Data modelling tools has also been discarded in this study.
“Process modelling tool” used in designing business processes within an intuitive way towards exploring and dragging organisational performance as well as features. According to Baiyere et al. (2020) inclusion of process modelling tools in business process management helps to determine logical ways of digital transformation as powerful components in business. Application of process modelling tool in exploring organisational performance helps to initiate strategic approach of sustainability through energy efficiency and conservation management.
Waste minimisation, disposal and recycling efforts signifies sustainability activities of bio-fuel companies to reduce air and water emissions by 253 Mlbs. annually. Ensuring sustainability as process modelling by companies has contributed maintenance of health and safety features within community and employees. However, Schröer et al. (2021) contradicted that in exploration of organisational performance and system designing process, usage of process modelling tool is involved in understanding rigid framework in business process management.
On the other hand, Duchek (2020) suggested that in organisation and system designing process, capacity based conceptualization and resilience need to be considered by analysing internal and external factors of enterprise. In this regard, due to rigid understanding of organisational performance, usage of process modelling tools has been rejected in this study.
Different types of organisational system and performance has been determined by interpreting internal and external factors along with relatable policies. According to Kanda et al. (2019), intermediary challenges, external market situations and system level internal capabilities of enterprise can be accomplished by using analytical processes and innovation system approach. In light of this, usage of PESTLE analysis (External factors), and SWOT analysis (Internal factors) would effectively determine multiple organisational contexts of “Future Fuel corporation”.
PESTLE Analysis
| Factors | Aspects | Impacts |
| Political | ● Election of public officials and distributive balance of power between executive, legislative and judicial has been maintained in democracy of United States (CLIFFSNOTES, 2022).
● Application of this democratic system allows each branch of business accountable towards individual’s organisational perspectives. ● Continuous support from US Government assisted bio fuels and chemical product manufacturing companies to transform usage of renewable energy sources as low carbon energy to facilitate politico focus and fueling a growing world (NCGA, 2022). |
Positive |
| Economic | ● Gross Domestic product (GDP) increased within an annual rate of 2.6% in the fourth quarter of 2022 after increasing range of 3.2% within the third quarter (BEA, 2023).
● Potential increase within fourth quarter has primarily impacted on acceleration within inventory investment along with customer spending. ● Globe inflation in US due to Russian invasion of Ukraine has accelerated oil prices for chemical procedures. Occurrence of oil price volatility reduces demand and increases economic concerns for chemical companies across US (DELOITTE, 2023). |
Negative |
| Social | ● Manufacturers of chemical companies have faced challenges in retaining and attracting new talents due to pressure of COVID-19 crisis (Forrester, 2021).
● Employment in US chemical manufacturing industry has decreased from 855,000 workers in 2020 to 832,300 workers in 2021 (POWDER BULK SOLIDS, 2021). ● “Demographic and skill requirements activities” under guidance of “American Chemistry Council (ACC)” has effectively measure maintenance of team efforts and collaborative working by chemical companies (POWDER BULK SOLIDS, 2021). |
Positive |
| Technological | ● In US, chemical companies have embarked on multiple digital journeys across spectrum on basis of investing digital cores and increasing customer experiences (DELOITTE, 2023).
● Usage of IoT (Internet of Things) oriented system levering Industry 4.0 has integrated supply chain operations and execution functionalities. ● Blockchain and automotive technologies are used to develop customer centric predictive analytics in business performance of Chemical companies (DELOITTE, 2023). |
Positive |
| Legal | ● “Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976” in US provides immense benefits to chemical companies towards record keeping and testing requirements of chemical substances (EPA, 2021).
● Under the section of “15 U.S.C. §2601 et seq. (1976)”, chemical companies of US have followed pre-manufacturing notification for new chemical substances to avoid risks or exposure production process of chemical substances (EPA, 2021). |
Positive |
| Environmental | ● In US, over 70 global chemical companies have set Net-Zero or “Carbon Neutrality target” for 2050 (DELOITTE, 2023).
● Chemical companies and producers in US need to focus on the emission reduction process to meet their objectives by 2030. ● Inclusion of “Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) and Inflation Reduction Act (IRA)” provides extensive support for innovation and investment towards using lower emission technologies (DELOITTE, 2023). |
Positive |
Table 1: PESTLE Analysis of USA (Source: DELOITTE, 2023)
Political
A stable political condition in US and extensive support from US government has helped Future Fuel Corporation to committee highest standard of safety and sustainability for employees along with environments. Significant demographic setup in USA assists manufacturers of Future Fuel to deliver premium biodiesel and biofuels across US (CLIFFSNOTES, 2022). Making decisions on green chemical substances by Chemical companies in US helped to develop accountable perspectives of lower carbon energy portfolios in business (NCGA, 2022).
Likewise, based on legislative incentives, Future Fuel has amended “Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (Publication no: 110-140)” to meet requirements of ethanol usage during chemical production process (ANNUAL REPORT, 2018). Adherence to these legislative protocols assisted Future Fuel to transform certain amount of diesel fuel into renewable energy resources and positively resulted in biodiesel production process access US. Stability in political and democratic system across US has positively influenced the organisational system and decision making activities of Future Fuel Corporation.
Economic
Slowing growth of GDP in US during Quarter 2 of 2022 was negatively impacted on reducing demand for chemical productions and consumption of high chemical prices across US (DELOITTE, 2023). Sudden changes in economic landscape within US have also adversely affected non-functional activities of Future Fuel Corporation. Despite such issues of global inflation and slow economic rate, adherence to chemical price index currently stands at 101.7 as per ACC guidelines would be effective for Future Fuels (DELOITTE, 2023).
Inclusion of ACC guidelines by this company would contribute to the maintenance of economic landscape of Future Fuel to fulfil green chemical substances producing processes across US. In supporting to this, effective decision making activities and strategic choices of following chemical price index has positively impacted on sustainable practice generation in Future Fuel across US.
Social
Inclusion of “Demographic and skill requirements activities” by the chemical industry across US has measured team efforts and collaborative working to improve existing business performance. In light of this, Future Fuel Scholarship Awards” has been initiated by Future Fuel Corporation in 2022 as training and development activities to share information regarding regulatory stimulants and usage of chemical substances (NEWS, 2022). Integration of these social factors including training and development activities under guidance of ACC would positively impact on business performance of Future Fuel.
Technological
Continuous growth in usage of emerging technologies like Blockchain, IoT and automotive have positively influenced supply chain operations of chemical companies across US. Inclusion of emerging technologies has also improved demands and supply of biodiesel substances within lower costs or prices. In light of this, Future Fuel corporation has used blockchain technology to increase production of green gasoline and renewable diesel” from catalytic hydrotreating technologies (ANNUAL REPORT, 2018).
Usage of these emerging technologies by Future Fuel helped to discover different manufacturing methods towards fulfilling demands of green biofuel or biodiesel across US. Elicited from this context, it can be asserted that technological factors of US has influenced supply chain operations and manufacturing activities of Future Fuel as per demands from customers and contacts from stakeholders.
Legal
Under guidance of “Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976” (Section-15 U.S.C. §2601 et seq. (1976)), chemical companies in US has effectively measured pre-manufacturing notification in operational process. Inclusion of strong legal interferences across US guided Future Fuel Corporation adding value creation process in business to develop customer centric model (FUTURE FUEL CORPORATION, 2023). This helps Future Fuel to achieve high quality and competitively priced products across US.
In addition to this, considerable resources in research and development practices by Future Fuel have improved the biofuel production process and customise manufacturing of products (ANNUAL REPORT, 2018). Aligning with this improvement in research and development capabilities, analytical business competencies and ethical business models have been increased by Future Fuel corporation access US. Elicited from this, it can be asserted that legal context within US has positively influenced external performance functionalities of Future Fuel.
Environmental
Adherence to the Carbon Neutrality Target by 2050 assisted chemical companies in UK to measure pollution index on the environment during the manufacturing process. In light of this, Future Fuel has included sustainable practices under guidance of “Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976” such as circularity management, waste management, energy management and water conservation process (FUTURE FUEL CORPORATION, 2023). Inclusion of these environmental activities indicated strong influences of these factors on business performance management of Future Fuel across US.
SWOT Analysis
| Strength
● Enforcing sustainability through energy efficiency and conservation in business. ● Additional investment on research and development activities by using blockchain technology to betterment of water conservation systems by Future Fuel. |
Weakness
● Global inflation across US hindered financial performance management of Future Fuel. ● Lack of leadership activities and security protocols also disrupted team management or working that resulted on occurrence of working injuries from release of chemical substances at the site of Future Fuel. |
| Opportunity
● Maintenance of high standards towards safety management provides opportunities to develop sustainability through social leadership. ● Strengthening security in manufacturing plants also provides immense benefits to enhance preparedness and responses of Future Fuel corporations. |
Threat
● Lack of chemical security and infrastructure in business process has created potential threat for Future Fuel across US. ● Inadequate tax incentive structure in manufacturing activities of chemical companies across US has increased the tax credit of Future Fuel and chances of tax based violation as well. |
Table 2: SWOT Analysis (Source: FUTURE FUEL CORPORATION, 2023)
Techniques
1. Interviewing
As a part of investigatory study, “open ended questions” are used in this study to determine the different organisational structure of Future Fuel Corporation in the US. During this interviewing process, “Two open ended questions” were developed and asked two managers of Future Fuel to interpret organisational activities including environmental matters and sustainability practices. According to Von Soest (2022), interview method helps to investigate major context with experimental and non-experimental designs in responses to cross-sectional data.
In light of this interview method usage, argumentative information has been interpreted which depicted inclusion of sustainability practices is important to form end to end users towards fulfilling demands of renewable energy resources. On the other hand, Pepinsky (2019) contradicted that micro level processing of questions in interview process has disrupted internal validity in final outcomes.
Despite regime of interview process, effective time management activities had been followed in this investigatory study to determine sustainability practices have incorporated economic growth. It is also effective to grow the bio-fuel production across US. Apart from this, interview process helps to explore future strategies of Future Fuel towards increasing outlook of biodiesel or bio-fuel productions.
2. Questionnaires
In terms of analyzing questionnaires in interview process, open ended questions are used in the current investigatory study during the interview process. Open ended questions enabled respondents to answer as well as response to their own words in investigate critical and argumentative context in final outcomes of the study. Collection of open ended as well as well-designed questions helps to collect a large amount of data within a less time.
However, it has been contradicted that traditional face to face interview process is costly and considered as extremely time consuming as well. In addition to this, high risks in interview process can increase potential biases in data collection process. Despite regime of using traditional interview process, online platform has been used in this investigatory study during accumulation of competitive characteristics and strategic choices of Future Fuel Corporation.
Summary
From the above discussion, it can be summarised that inclusion of PESTLE as analytical tool in this study was effective to determine influences of external factors across US on business performance of Future Fuel. Complexities in the economic factors management process of US was reduced demands and consumption of chemical products among customers. In this regard, maintenance of high standards towards safety management and effective decision making activities of sustainability has positively impacted on management of economic landscape of Future Fuel across US.
Part 2: Organisational and Systems analysis – Tools/Techniques applied
Introduction
This section covers two individual parts such as the soft system or organisational designs of “Shell” in context of stakeholder relationships. Another part of this section is to determine a better working relationship between management and staff of “Shell” during on-going progression of a renewable energy project of “acquisition of solar platform from Green Tie capital in Spain”.
Part 2a) Soft Systems – Rich Picture
Ensuring relationship with stakeholders and stakeholder management process in business helps to organise, monitor and improve collaborative activities between stakeholders and companies. According to Leonidou et al. (2020), integrative framework of stakeholder management and engagement process in business helps to develop innovation and entrepreneurship management at enterprise level. In light of this, introducing a rich picture in this study helps to develop portraits within relationship management of stakeholders associated with Shell.
As shown in Figure 1, six individual contexts have been included to determine level of interest among stakeholders by using different colours of red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple. Internal stakeholders of Shell are employees, owners or chairman and representatives of Shell and External stakeholders are suppliers, customers, society, creditors, shareholders and governments of UK (SHELL, 2019). On the basis of a rich picture overview, “renewable energy services” has been considered as a specific service offered by Shell.
Consideration of this particular service by Shell helped to determine potential conflicts and collaborative activities through interconnectivity between different stakeholders. Communication problems between high level and field staff have increased conflict situation in management of stakeholder relationship associated with Shell.
In terms of mitigating potential conflicts, ensuring tax transparency with suppliers, ending plastic waste for customers and cooperation of good practices for employees have been effective for Shell in stakeholder relationship management (SHELL, 2019). Integration of a rich picture helps to develop significant assumptions of commitment, action and sustainable outcomes in stakeholder management practices within Shell.
Part 2b) Workshop Planning
In case of developing a 120 minute planning workshop, a planning activity has been developed on “acquisition of solar platform from Green Tie capital in Spain by Shell”. Inclusion of workshop planning assists Shell to generate a proper workshop from opening introduction, and planning to finalisation process.
| List of activities in workshop | Analysing process | Discussion, finalisation and justification | Time line |
| Project preparation and briefing as pre workshop planning. | In Shell, “Shell New Energies Holding Europe BV” has announced that the company has acquired Green Tie Capital’s platform as a renewable energy project across Spain (SHELL, 2022). It helps to increase solar power generation capacity through an effective manner. Inclusion of renewable energy transitions by Shell helps to increase portfolio of energy generation assets. | This stage is considered as the initial stage of workshop planning and development activities of Shell to set goals and objectives of this renewable energy project. Ensuring objectives is necessary for pre-planning of the project which would positively influence executive authorities in the context of internal stakeholders within the project. | Within 3 months |
| Inclusion and allocation of necessary resources in on-going Solar platform infrastructure project. | Necessary activities like transition and handover of stewardship have been maintained in this stage of the workshop to increase capabilities of renewable energy in business across Spain. | This stage of workshop has positively influenced management of relationships with suppliers, chairpersons and employees effectively. | Within 4 months |
| Planning for post workshop activities. | In this process of workshop planning, risk assessment and environmental metrics have been measured to avoid disruption in on-going projects. | This final stage provides immense benefits to internal and external stakeholders of this project of Shell. | Within 1 to 2 months |
| Implementing Five Whys | This technique is considered as interactive and interrogative method used in exploring case and effect relationships within underlying problems. According to Wei and Zou (2019), application of Five ways helps to encounter possible problems by determining resolution methods through an effective manner. | In terms of analysing proper justification on implementing Five whys, it has been asserted that drilling down into problems have been measured within five individuals ways such as Five Whys. Application of this technique provides greater control over problematic situation through an effective manner. | Within 4 months |
| Developing SWOT analysis | Application of SWOT analysis as effective analytical tool helps to determine internal capabilities like strength, weakness, opportunity and threats. Benzaghta et al. (2021) inferred that strategic planning has been measured by using SWOT analysis. | In context of justifying SWOT analysis, it has been observed that SWOT analysis helps to determine potential process of review and act on delivering optimise results or outcomes in business performance management. | Within 4 to 5 months |
| Critically discussion on PESTLE Analysis | Inclusion of PESTLE analysis provides contextual information of business by ensuring external factors to measure brand positioning and awareness strategies. | Application of PESTLE analysis provides detrimental effects on determining validity of existing products and context of product development in business (Casañ et al. 2021). | Within 3 months |
| Planning for using Porter’s Five Forces | Porter’s Five Force is emphasised on five individual factors such as threat of new entrants, Bargaining power of buyers, Bargaining power of suppliers, Threat of new substitutes, and Competitive rivalry (Anastasiu et al. 2020). Application of this techniques helps to develop strategic approaches towards understating business insights through an effective manner. | Inclusion of these techniques in business performance management provides potential justification on developing crucial information with industrial domain. | Within 1 to 3 months |
| Applying analytical tool of data modelling | Application of data modelling process is effective in business performance development process to integrate, collect, analyse and interpret stored data. | Based on justification on data modelling process, MS Excel has been used for manipulating data spreadsheets and building analyses in business data management. | Within 2 months |
| Incorporating usage of process modelling | Process modelling in business provides simplistic ways towards optimising existing workflows inclusively. | Based on proper justification, process modelling activities in business is important to represent data driven visual representation in business data management process | Within 2 to 3 months |
Table 4: Workshop planning (Source: Created by Author)
Summary
From the above discussion, it can be summarised that development of 120 minutes of workshop planning has helped to maintain a positive relationship with stakeholders in solar energy development project of Shell.
Conclusion
The above discussion provides detailed information regarding effective organisational system and performance of Future Fuel into sustainable practices and commitment of green fuel across US. Analysis of rich picture and workshop planning of Shell helped to maintain positive influences and collaborative activities in stakeholder management in solar platform generation project.
References
Anastasiu, L., Gavriş, O. and Maier, D., (2020). Is human capital ready for change? A strategic approach adapting Porter’s five forces to human resources. Sustainability, 12(6), p.2300.
ANNUAL REPORT, (2018), 2018 Annual Report, available at: https://www.annualreports.com/HostedData/AnnualReportArchive/f/NYSE_FF_2018.pdf [Accessed on 8 April, 2023]
Bagwell, T., (2021), Worker injured after incident at FutureFuel Wednesday morning, available at: https://www.whiterivernow.com/2021/05/05/worker-injured-after-incident-at-futurefuel-wednesday-morning/ [Accessed on 2 April, 2023]
Baiyere, A., Salmela, H. and Tapanainen, T., (2020). Digital transformation and the new logics of business process management. European Journal of Information Systems, 29(3), pp.238-259.
BEA (2023), Gross Domestic Product, available at: https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gross-domestic-product [Accessed on 7 April, 2023]
Benzaghta, M.A., Elwalda, A., Mousa, M.M., Erkan, I. and Rahman, M., (2021). SWOT analysis applications: An integrative literature review. Journal of Global Business Insights, 6(1), pp.55-73.
Casañ, M.J., Alier, M. and Llorens, A., (2021). A collaborative learning activity to analyze the sustainability of an innovation using PESTLE. Sustainability, 13(16), p.8756.
CLIFFSNOTES (2022), Politcail aspects of USA , available at: https://www.cliffsnotes.com/study-guides/sociology/economics-and-politics/politics-in-the-united-states [Accessed on 6 April, 2023]
DELOITTE (2023), 2023 chemical industry outlook, available at: https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/energy-and-resources/articles/chemical-industry-outlook.html [Accessed on 7 April, 2023]
Duchek, S., (2020). Organizational resilience: a capability-based conceptualization. Business Research, 13(1), pp.215-246.
EPA (2021), Summary of the Toxic Substances Control Act, available at: https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-toxic-substances-control-act [Accessed on 9 April, 2023]
Forrester, J. S., (2021), How the ‘War for Talent’ will Impact Chemical Makers in 2022, available at: https://www.powderbulksolids.com/chemical/how-war-talent-will-impact-chemical-makers-2022 [Accessed on 8 April, 2023]
FUTUREFUELCORPORATION (2023), Sustainability through energy efficiency and conservation, available at: https://futurefuelcorporation.com/sustainability/ [Accessed on 5 April, 2023]
Kanda, W., del Río, P., Hjelm, O. and Bienkowska, D., (2019). A technological innovation systems approach to analyse the roles of intermediaries in eco-innovation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 227, pp.1136-1148.
Latino, M.A., Latino, R.J. and Latino, K.C., (2019). Root cause analysis: improving performance for bottom-line results. CRC press.
Leonidou, E., Christofi, M., Vrontis, D. and Thrassou, A., (2020). An integrative framework of stakeholder engagement for innovation management and entrepreneurship development. Journal of Business Research, 119, pp.245-258.
NCGA (2022), Today, nearly every gallon of gasoline in the U.S. contains a minimum of 10% ethanol derived from corn., available at: https://www.ncga.com/key-issues/current-priorities/ethanol?utm_medium=search&utm_source=google&utm_campaign=2022%20ncga%20evergreen&utm_content=keywords&gclid=CjwKCAjwitShBhA6EiwAq3RqA3ESUhQ29_-pawxnfhIepIxcOb_Zf5QF4XnWQxLoYiUobxMWQkwFfRoCYK4QAvD_BwE [Accessed on 6 April, 2023]
NEWS (2022), Chemical Engineering Student Awarded the 2022 FutureFuel Scholarship Award, available at: https://news.uark.edu/articles/60528/chemical-engineering-student-awarded-the-2022-futurefuel-scholarship-award [Accessed on 9 April, 2023]
Pepinsky, Thomas B. (2019). “The Return of the SingleCountry Study.” Annual Review of Political Science 22(1): 187–203.
POWERBULKSOLIDS (2021), How the ‘War for Talent’ will Impact Chemical Makers in 2022, available at: https://www.powderbulksolids.com/chemical/how-war-talent-will-impact-chemical-makers-2022 [Accessed on 8 April, 2023]
Ramalingam, K., Kandasamy, A., Balasubramanian, D., Palani, M., Subramanian, T., Varuvel, E.G. and Viswanathan, K., (2020). Forcasting of an ANN model for predicting behaviour of diesel engine energised by a combination of two low viscous biofuels. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, pp.24702-24722.
Schröer, C., Kruse, F. and Gómez, J.M., (2021). A systematic literature review on applying CRISP-DM process model. Procedia Computer Science, 181, pp.526-534.
SHELL (2019), Collaborations and stakeholder engagement, available at: https://reports.shell.com/sustainability-report/2019/contribution-to-society/working-together/collaborations-and-stakeholder-engagement.html [Accessed on 10 April, 2023]
SHELL (2022), Shell acquires solar platform from Green Tie Capital in Spain, available at: https://www.shell.com/energy-and-innovation/new-energies/new-energies-media-releases/shell-acquires-solar-platform-from-green-tie-capital-in-spain.html [Accessed on 10 April, 2023]
SIMPLY WALL (2023), FutureFuel’s Dividend Is Well Covered By Earnings, available at: https://simplywall.st/stocks/us/materials/nyse-ff/futurefuel/news/futurefuel-nyseff-has-affirmed-its-dividend-of-006 [Accessed on 4 April, 2023]
Taherdoost, H., (2019). What is the best response scale for survey and questionnaire design; review of different lengths of rating scale/attitude scale/Likert scale. Hamed Taherdoost, pp.1-10
van der Nest, G., Passos, V.L., Candel, M.J. and van Breukelen, G.J., (2020). An overview of mixture modelling for latent evolutions in longitudinal data: Modelling approaches, fit statistics and software. Advances in Life Course Research, 43, p.100323.
Von Soest, C., (2022). Why do we speak to experts? Reviving the strength of the expert interview method. Perspectives On Politics, pp.1-11.
Wei, J. and Zou, K., (2019). Eda: Easy data augmentation techniques for boosting performance on text classification tasks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.1119
Appendix 1: PESTLE Analysis
| List of Factors | Impacts |
| Political | Positive |
| Economic | Negative |
| Social | Positive |
| Technological | Positive |
| Legal | Positive |
| Environmental | Positive |
Know more about UniqueSubmission’s other writing services:
