Assignment Sample on IDBBD Logic Database Design
Introduction
Entity relationship diagrams have their limit in expressing the whole process as these models help to stay aware of the drawbacks and limitations they have on their choices and how it can affect the company while presenting with the diagram. This is the most crucial trait of data models that might be improved as a framework of things in the real world, after that they are used as models of the data records. There are some drawbacks which are present inside the data modeling. These drawbacks indirectly influence how a model will be chosen depending on a specific situation. The important component can also be identified by presenting the entity relationship diagram. The needs which have to be met should manage the related information acknowledging which data will exist and they are related to. The data needs to be suitable for specific goals while interchanging data among systems and organizations. The data sources are integrated from different places which solve various aspects of data related to new topics.
Background
The company named “MHT” is a business which is related to the family that produces a huge range of tools starting from tools which are general to special and implements which are agricultural. Mike and Linda built this company in 1980 along with a huge range of experience that they gathered from various countries including Germany (Wu et al. 2017). The company’s overall family connection with the forging and their two generations to Robert Merrill who is known as little master who used to work with generating new cutlery items which are especially handmade. The company moved premises in 1990 and there was an opportunity which was received to re manage the procedure of production to stabilize the efficiency. When it comes to producing high quality items in a consistent manner so that the applicable standards are relevant. In the years of 2000 it was recognized to maximize the area to adjust the requirements related to business and machinery while maintaining the standards. At the present days the company is divided into three parts and those are manufacturing, product development and marketing/sales.
ERD Components
Entities: These are known as a group of similar things which pays interest to business, among them some of them are subtypes of the other entity classes. These classes help to represent in all variants of relationship modelling by utilizing rectangular shaped boxes (Al et al. 2021). But there are many ways of representing one class of entity which is another subtype.
Attributes: The properties and identifiers of the entity classes are listed down among the identical entity class box or specifically from the built relationship diagram. This helps to elaborate all the properties that entities have and related components are also connected with the entity in an ERD.
Relationship: When the classes are created it is important to also understand the relationship that they hold with each other and how directly or indirectly all of them are connected. The lines which exist between all the entity classes are known as relationships which can also further be divided into several other kinds of relationships (Berger et al. 2021). The modeled data are often shown as ER diagrams including the business rules. In fact some of the data links may be created graphically in all types of ER modeling. When a relationship is essential within an ERD then every component of entity class is attached within a relationship that has to be associated with a minimum one component among the other entity classes which are present. When ERD needs every component to be involved with the relationship with a single of other classes which are participating. When an attribute is compulsory then every entity class consists of a value for that specific attribute. When it requires multiple data items that have a value which is unique for every of their classes.
Importance of ERD
- It assists individuals to express certain terms related to entity modeling.
- It offers a preview which illustrates all the systems that are connected and what are fields which are going to be on every table.
- Assist to explain attributes, entities and relationships as well.
- ERD might be used by the designers who are behind creating the database which enables other people to create databases faster, this also helps to implement information in particular software applications (Suh et al. 2018).
- The individuals who are designing the database also improve a better knowledge from the data which are contained inside the database with the help of ERP diagrams.
- ERD enables individuals to link with the structure which is logically related to the database to users.
Facts of ERD
- ER models enable to illustrate database design which is more specific.
- This is a simple tool to use for the purpose of modeling.
- When it comes to database design this tool is used diversely.
- This representation is similar to a graphical user interface of the logical pattern of the database (Wei et al. 2020).
- This allows one to recognize entities which are present within the system and also express the relation between the entities so when the designer looks at the ERD, he understands the overall structure of the database and how all of them are connected with each other.
There are also some entities which are known as weak and strong entities but they help to demonstrate different traits of the database. The strong entity helps to represent the dataset along with a primary key which has a unique value and it can be differentiated from others by its value. While the weak entity does not consist of a value which is unique because they do not have enough attributes. Strong entities are often represented along with a single rectangular shape but the weak one is represented with the help of a double rectangular shape. By the joint collaboration of the strong and weak entities the proper ER diagram can be drawn which can be directed for the development of the daily operation of the organization.
In this report we will demonstrate some diagrams to understand the better approach a company take during the phase of decision making. Certain relation models will help the company manager to reach a decision (Pieris, D, 2019). By building the data modelling it is possible to ease the process of building the database. Each of the models will contain entities and attributes which will illustrate the relationship among them.
Apply a Top Down modelling approach
The top-down model will explain the entire system which is formulated except going into elaborate parts. Every part of them is divided into more details which defines more details till the time when the whole specification is explained enough to allow the model. In this model the issues can be broken down into various parts. Also the break parts will be accessible easily and the designer can easily approach with any easy action. The benefits of using this model is for breaking down issues into various parts that assist to recognize what requires to be completed. In every step of the process, new parts will be converted to complicated problems rather than individually solving that same problem (Zhang et al. 2020). The small parts of the solution can change to be unmanageable. If the issues are broken down to small parts then it enables many people to sort out the problems. Inside this approach individuals concentrate on breaking up the issues into small components. It is used while troubleshooting and documentation of the process.
Functional Decencies
The functional dependency is a component which defines the relationship among two groups of attributes which determines a value of another group. The functional dependencies are utilized to express relationships mathematically between database entities and it is very crucial to know the concepts which are advanced so that the understanding problems can get a little simpler. The functional dependencies in dbms as the name defines a relationship among the attributes which are present in the table (Chatziantoniou et al. 2020). It provides help in stopping data redundancy and gets to understand about the designs which are not good. The decomposition takes place to receive a top down approach.
Normalization
Normalization is the process of a database which reduces the redundancy from a set of relations. This in relation can be a cause of deletion, insertion and update of certain data. This helps to reduce the complications in relationships. The simple forms are used to eliminate this particular trait from the database. The first normal form will contain the attribute which is composite or consists of values which are various (Su et al. 2020). The relation within the 1NF if the attributes in that existence relation has a value of single component. The second normal form consists of relations that must be present inside 1NF and the relationship should not include any dependencies which are partial. A relation inside the 2NF has no partial dependencies thus it is dependent on a sunset which is accurate for every candidate key present inside the table. The 3NF is when there are no transitive dependencies present for their non-prime attributes and that is present inside the second normal form. This is the process of normalization which makes it easier to complete.
The normalization helps to provide a clearer database structure in any organization. The redundant data gets minimized in amount by using this model. The consistency with in the database stays maintained because of normalization thus providing a graphical table which the human brain tends to memories the most. The design of the database stays flexible as a correction can be done in certain data if needed after making the whole database (Tanaka et al. 2018). It does not have to start from the first. Also because of a normalization a database gets more secure and thus gives the employee a reliable way to be dependent on this particular model of creating a database.
Conclusion
The family business like MHT can get highly benefited by the help of the proper ER and top down modelling. This diagram is helpful for the organism to have the proper idea regarding the changes in the operational feature needed for the purpose of by the help of the proper analysis of the ER diagram it is possible to have the idea regarding the different attributes associated to the proper segmentation of the business to have the better efficiency in the market. The ER diagram is also helpful to draw the idea of the appropriate machinery or the model that can be associated with the operational module to make the organization more capable and withstanding the change. The normalization is also helpful for making the data storage less complex and more specific in the outlook. So it must be stated that the combined usage of the ER diagram, top down modelling and Normalization of the databases can cause the business operation to become more modern and accurate in the outlook.
Reference List
Journals
Al-Fedaghi, S., 2021. Conceptual Data Modeling: Entity-Relationship Models as Thinging Machines. arXiv preprint arXiv:2109.14717.
Berger, M.S.M., Tutorial-Lecture: Modeling in UML and ER.
Chatziantoniou, D. and Kantere, V., 2020. Data Virtual Machines: Data-Driven Conceptual Modeling of Big Data Infrastructures. In EDBT/ICDT Workshops.
Pieris, D., 2019, May. An Improved Generic ER Schema for Conceptual Modeling of Information Systems. In Proceedings of the Asia International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research.
Su, R., Liu, T.J., Ye, Y. and Xu, G.M., 2020. Nonlinear Modeling for Broadband Power Amplifiers based on Cloud Computing.
Suh, J., Park, J., Kim, B. and Rahman, H.A., 2018. How Practitioners Perceive a Ternary Relationship in ER Conceptual Modeling. Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems, 28(2), pp.75-92.
Tanaka, T., Mouri, K. and Kaneko, K., 2018. Pattern Analysis of Learners’ Artifact Making Processes and Errors in Conceptual Modeling Exercises. Information Engineering Express, 4(1), pp.77-86.
Wei, H.C., 2020. Mathematical modeling of ER-positive breast cancer treatment with AZD9496 and palbociclib. AIMS Mathematics, 5(4), pp.3446-3455.
Wu, P.Y., Igoche, D.A. and Drauss, P.J., 2017. Media versus Message: Choosing The ER Diagram To Teach ER Modeling. In Proceedings of the EDSIG Conference ISSN (Vol. 2473, p. 3857).
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