• Posted on July 21, 2023
• Karan

Patch Work Assessment Sample

Introduction

To express how the world’s economy, culture, and people are becoming more and more interconnected, globalization is the ideal phrase to use. As a result, it is the word of choice. For countries to trade products and services with one another, they must do so across international borders. This is due to technological advancements, investment flows, information exchanges across nations, and other factors. In many low-income neighborhoods, factory workers, parents with children under the age of 18 who work in factories, and youngsters who don’t attend to school are commonplace. Poverty is frequently referred to be a vicious cycle that is difficult to break free from. Extreme poverty has a variety of repercussions, including drug and alcohol misuse, not having the money to go to school, living in substandard surroundings, and not having enough money to pay for medical treatment.

PATCH 1:

Critically Analyses at least two definitions of globalization and say why they are similar and / or different. Whar theoretical perspective do they represent?

Globalization is said to be the word that is utilised in order to describe the every growing and ever increasing inter dependency of the economies of the world, along with the world’s culture and also the populations that is brought about together through means of cross- border centric trades between different nations with regard to services and also with regard to goods, along with technologies, investment related flows, exchange of information and vice versa. Different countries have ended up builting relationships in order to facilitate all the above stated movements for more than a centuries. However, the term globalisation started gaining more popularity only after the end of the cold war in the year 1990s (Cahill-Ripley,2021), the reason being such cooperatively centric arrangements ended up shaping and structuring the every- day lifestyle of the modern society. The effects of globalisation are positively immaculate and vast. Such concept given by globalisation helps in efficiently and effectively elevating the production at the same time such concept of globalisation also helped in promoting or uplifting the growth of the countries in terms of economy (Agus,2020).

Globalisation can be categorized into many different types and so now, we will be discussing two different definition of globalisation.

First definition of globalisation:

The first definition of globalisation will be centric around economic form of globalisation. The economic form of globalisation is said to be known as the increasing or the elevation of the interdependence and the interactions of the countries across different borders by means of economy (Xiaoman,2019). Such type of interactions takes place through rapid elevation in the movements of the services, as well as goods, along with technology and also capital between different national economy existing across borders all across the globe. Economic centric globalisation is said to be the way through which integration of the economy between different countries increases which ultimately ends up resulting in the emergence of a market place that is globally binded together as one. However, on the basis of the shifts of paradigm, the globalisation on the basis of economy can either be positive phenomenon or a negatively centric phenomenon (Adjei,2021). It is said that the globalisation on the basis of economy seems to be comprised of production centric globalisation (which means, the procurement of certain services and goods from one specific source from different location all over the world so as to gain some form of benefits or advantage from the difference or through distinction on the quality and the cost. The economic globalisation is said to include or consists of factors such as technology, industries, competition and lastly corporations. According to the definition of the globalisation on the basis of economy states that the trends existing in the current scenario with regard to globalisation is said to be mainly and on a wider range accounted by the integration relationship between the developed economies and the economies that are less developed through direct form of foreign investments as well as through reduction in the barriers with regard to trade and also through reforms concerning economy (Hitchcock,2021).

Second definition of globalisation:

The second definition of globalisation will be based upon the globalisation on the basis of cultural also known as cultural form of globalisation (Cicchelli,2021). Cultural form of globalisation is known as the transmission or the transference of different ideas, as well as different and diverging meaning, ideologies and also values all across the globe in such a manner so as to further extend and also intensify the relations with regard to social standards. The process of the cultural form of globalisation is said to be marked or highlighted by the familiar or common emaciation of the different cultures that have been fused together by the internet, or through media of popular culture and also through travelling across international borders or cross- borders. Such exchange of cultures or the fusion of cultures have helped in further enhancing or boosting of exchange with regard to commodities. In this definition, it states that the flow or the communication of cultures across borders all over the world have further enable people and individuals to participate in extension of socially centric relations that cross different regional and international borders (Jiboku2021). It is said that the expansion of such socially centric relations is said to be observed even above the level of material.

Similarities shared by cultural form of globalisation and economic form of globalisation:

Globalisation is not limited to just interaction or development of the world economy. There are many factors and instances that comes into play in completing the very term globalisation. In this part of the task i.e., Patch 1, we discussed about two different definition of globalisation. The two definition that we chose for discussion are the economic form of globalisation and the cultural form of globalisation. When it comes to the economy form of globalisation, we came to known that the economy form of globalisation is referred to as the increasing or the elevation of the interdependence and the interactions of the countries across different borders by means of economy. Such type of interactions takes place through rapid elevation in the movements of the services, as well as goods, along with technology and also capital between different national economy existing across borders all across the globe. Economic centric globalisation is said to be the way through which integration of the economy between different countries increases which ultimately ends up resulting in the emergence of a market place that is globally binded together as one (Baracskay,2021). Whereas, the cultural form of globalisation is said to be transmission or the transference of different ideas, as well as different and diverging meaning, ideologies and also values all across the globe in such a manner so as to further extend and also intensify the relations with regard to social standards. The process of the cultural form of globalisation is said to be marked or highlighted by the familiar or common emaciation of the different cultures that have been fused together by the internet, or through media of popular culture and also through travelling across international borders or cross- borders.

Though both the types of definition with regard to globalisation states and talks about different factors (one in terms of economy and the other in terms of culture) of globalisation, the ideologies of both the type of globalisation (i.e., the cultural type of globalisation and the economic type of globalisation) are quite linked or similar to each other (Briscoe,2020). Both the cultural form of globalisation as well as the economy form of globalisation are very much dependent or influenced on or by external denominators or factors such as the technological factors, the environmental factors, the social factors and the political factors (Gozgor,2021).

Differences shared by cultural form of globalisation and economic form of globalisation:

Cultural globalisation

Economic globalisation

–       Cultural globalisation on the other hand is said to be the type of process where the images, the technology, along with the commodities and the information that have been produced within one country tends to enter into a flow or market that is globally centric thus, it ends up mitigating the differences pertaining to cultures. –       The cultural globalisation is said to have been praised a lot for succeeding in sharing a view of homogenization between cultures existing in different cross- borders.

–       Economic globalisation is said to be the type of process where the economies of all of the nations across the world have ended up being interlocked into a economy that is globally centric. here, internationalization of the production takes place along with the flow of financial freely within different cross- borders. –       On the other hand, economic globalisation have been a prey to social scrutiny because of the differences it brings out along with damage to environment.

Theoretical perspective carried by both economical globalisation and the cultural globalisation:

Some of the theoretical perspective carried out by both economical form of globalisation and the cultural form of globalisation on a more holistic terms are as follows-

• The one theoretical perspectives carried by both the economical form of globalisation and the cultural form of globalisation is communication or interaction between different nations across different international borders.
• Another theoretical perspective of both the economic form of globalisation and the cultural form of globalisation is that it helps in encouraging each and every one of the country to truly specialize in the things and products it produces the best by utilising the resources at most minimal so that they would be able to gain some form of comparative advantage.

PATCH 2

Global social area of concern:

The chosen global social area of concern is poverty. The reason for choosing “poverty” as a global social area of concern is because it is seriously becoming a big issue and is creating a lot of economic disbalance all across the globe. We can definitely say that poverty is becoming a very serious problem for the world as a whole today. As per a report published by the “Habitat for Humanity” it states that nearly one- quarter of the population of the world seems to be living in a conditions that not only harm their health but it also ends up compromising their safety. To some certain amount of exceptions to the developed countries (like that of the United States and the united Kingdom), many of the people living within the regions of developing countries (like India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia and vice versa) and poor countries (Liberia, Malawi, African countries and vice versa) are living in such pathetic conditions that they do not even have shelter, nor they can even support themselves with the basic necessity kits for survival (such as food, water, clothes and vice versa) (Hillis,2021).

So, what exactly is poverty? Poverty is actually said to be a condition or is said to be a state where a community or a person or an individual is known to lack the much- needed resource with regard to finance and also much needed essentials in life in order to make up for the standard way of living in today’s sense. Poverty also means that the level of income from the employment is said to be so very low that it does not at all suffice to meet and fulfill even the basic necessity of life (such as food, clothing and shelter). The people or the families or the community who ate living in such poverty- stricken conditions are said to go on living without food, without shelter, without water and vice versa. Poverty is said to be a concept that is liked intrinsically to the overall welfare of the people (albeit the presence of availability of many different ways though which the measurement of the welfare of the people can be done or conducted). Today, poverty is said to be one the most concern problems that the world is facing on a global level. The people living in poverty are said to be always hungry, have little to no access to education, nor have access to electricity and is also known to have very poor health. Some of the very common traits of the people living within very extreme level of poverty are as follows- working in the factories, children below the age of 18 working in factories, no education and vice versa. Poverty is said to be a cycle that is very difficult and very hard to break. Some of the very typical consequences of the extreme poverty consists of drug abuse, alcohol abuse, no accessibility to education, lack of proper housing, poor living conditions and also very poor health conditions.

The world bank is part of the UN (the acronym for which is known as the United Nation) and is said to be one of the main source today for gathering information on a global context with regard to extreme poverty and that is why, it is known to set the boundary of context for the “International Poverty Line”. It is said that the poverty line has been revised in the year 2015. According to the 2015 form of revised poverty line it states that, an individual is said to be considered to be living within extreme poverty line if they’re found to live or survive on less that an amount of € 1. 90 Euro  on a daily basis. However, there seems to be many complex interventions which seems to be making the measuring of the global poverty quite difficult. One such complex interventions being- the different levels of price in each of the different countries of the world (Onifade,2021).

Selection of one “developing” country and one “developed” country:

The developed country that has chosen for this part of the assessment is the United Kingdom and the one developing country that has been chosen for this part of the assessment is India.

How does the global social issue chosen affect the chosen developing country? Also, justify the reason for choosing the country.

India is known to be country with the second most population after China (with over 1.2 billion population) and is also known to be ranked as the 7^th largest country all over the globe. The country is known to have enjoyed a rate of growth of about 10 % and is also known to be one of the largest economies of the world (with a GDP of about € 1,644 billion Euro ). However, despite such impressive boom of the country’s economy, it is still seen that the majority of the people living within India is known to be living in poverty. In India, it is said that nearly two- third of the population is said to be living in extreme poverty. It has been reported that nearly about 68.8 % of the people living in India is said to be living on less than an amount of € 2 Euro  per day. Also, nearly about 30 % of the population in India is said to be living on € 1.25 Euro  a day. That is the reason why, the country of India is known to be home to one of the largest number of people living under poverty line (Kihombo,2022).

 

Impacts of poverty in India:

Some of the impacts or effects of poverty in India are as follows-

• The rise in the mortality rate of the infants. India is said to have one of the highest rate of mortality of children in the world. Most common causes of death are said to be malaria, diarrhea, malnutrition and vice versa
• Because of poverty in India most of the children in India are being excluded from being given proper education. As per a report published by the UNICEF, it states that nearly about 25 % of the children in India have little to no access to any form of education
• Rise in inequality between gender. Because of extreme poverty in India, in most of the households in India, boy child is given more preference over girl child.

Reasons for choosing the country:

The main reason behind choosing India as an example of developing countries being affected by global poverty is because, the country being one of the largest economy in the world is also known to be the one country known to be affected the most because of poverty and therefore, by choosing the country, I wanted to through some deeper shades on the level of negative impacts that global poverty is having on the country (i.e., India)

Macro perspective of how global poverty is affecting India:

The macro perspective view of how global poverty is affecting India are as follows-

• Unemployment is one macro perspective of poverty that is affecting India. Because of the existence of unemployment, the individual is unable to acquire his or her basic necessities for survival.
• Malnutrition is one macro perspective of the global poverty that is affecting India. Extreme level of malnutrition to the point not having a bowl of rice on a daily basis.
• Extreme level of poverty is also one macro- perspective of poverty that is affecting India. Children in India are falling prey to child labor (Rivington,2021)

How does the global social issue chosen affect the chosen developed countries? Also, justify the reason for choosing the country.

Poverty is said to be affecting millions of individuals and people within United Kingdom. However, definition of poverty in the United Kingdom is quite different and diverging from the actual global context of poverty. When it comes to the global context of poverty as defined by the World bank, is that poverty is said to be a condition or is said to be a state where a community or a person or an individual is known to lack the much- needed resource with regard to finance and also much needed essentials in life in order to make up for the standard way of living in today’s sense. Poverty also means that the level of income from the employment is said to be so very low that it does not at all suffice to meet and fulfill even the basic necessity of life (such as food, clothing and shelter). The people or the families or the community who ate living in such poverty- stricken conditions are said to go on living without food, without shelter, without water and vice versa. However, when it comes to the definition of poverty in the United Kingdom, poverty means being unable to heat one’s home, or not being able to pay the monthly mortgage for home loan, or not being able to pay one’s rent or not being able to purchase the general essentials for one’s children (Ahmed,2021).

Impacts of poverty in the United Kingdom:

Some of the impacts of poverty in the United Kingdom are as follows-

• Problems relating to health
• Becoming perpetrators of crime
• Getting indulge in drugs and alcohol abuse
• Problems with regard to housing
• Unable to attend higher education
• Becoming a parent at young age
• Family problems

Reasons for choosing the country:

The one main reason for choosing United Kingdom is because, the country is known to be very developed and its GDP is said to be in the forefront of the world’s economy and so, by choosing this country, I wanted to throw some shades on how different the level of poverty is in such country as compared to developing or under developed countries. Although, there are some similarities between the poverty of the United Kingdom with that of the developing or under developed countries however, the context of problem is still quite superior in UK as opposed to other countries (Yadav,2021).

Macro perspective of how global poverty is affecting the United Kingdom:

The macro perspective view of how global poverty is affecting the United Kingdom are as follows-

• Alcoholic abuse or substance abuse is one form of macro perspective of poverty that is affecting the United Kingdom. Because of such abuses, the youths and the youngsters in the United Kingdom are dropping out of schools and thus, ends up wasting away their life.
• Disturbed or unhealthy environment is also one form of macro perspective of poverty that is affecting the United Kingdom. Parents because of poverty ends up getting depressed or ends up becoming abusive towards their children or wife or husband.

PATCH 3:

Country chosen:

The country chosen for this part of the assessment i.e., patch 3 is the United Kingdom (as it was discussed in the assessment for patch 2). Poverty is said to be affecting millions of individuals and people within United Kingdom. However, definition of poverty in the United Kingdom is quite different and diverging from the actual global context of poverty. when it comes to the definition of poverty in the United Kingdom, poverty means being unable to heat one’s home, or not being able to pay the monthly mortgage for home loan, or not being able to pay one’s rent or not being able to purchase the general essentials for one’s children. Some of the main cause of poverty in the United- kingdom are as follows- no jobs or unemployment or working in companies that pays very fewer monthly dues. Such situation or circumstances in the United Kingdom ends up leading to savings that are inadequate. Another reason or cause for poverty in the United Kingdom is no education or very poor skills. People without a concrete skills or proper education in the United Kingdom, ends up struggling to find jobs which will further push them towards poverty (Vilar-Compte,2021)

(Source: Irani,2021)

How is the government handling this issue?

Despite the United Kingdom known to be the 5^th largest economy in the world, it has been reported that nearly one- fifth of its overall population (which accounts to about 14 million people) seems to be still living in poverty and also nearly about 1.5 million of the population of the United Kingdom is known to have gone through destitution in the year 2017. The British government drafted an Anti- poverty policies for the United Kingdom between the year 1997 to 2010). However, as of now (means at present) the United Kingdom government have not comes about with any policies in order to eradicate poverty (Behera,2021). The country at present is only and solely focused on coming through with drafting policies to eradicate and minimize the impact of the crisis brough upon by the COVID- 19 lead pandemic. And so, some of the policies taken up by the United Kingdom government in order to eradicate poverty (between the year 1997 to 2010) are as follows-

• The United Kingdom government has decided to increase the country’s spending on benefits with regard to welfare by about € 18 billion (Euro) on the families that have children and about 11 billion (Euro) on the pensioners along with some rise in the support with regard to income in order to support children (Xiaoman,2020).
• The United Kingdom government have also decided to inculcate policies with regard to the activation of the labour
• The United Kingdom government also decided to increase the country’s spending on the health and education of its people by including or adding support pertaining with regard to child care.
• The United Kingdom government also came about with programmes for early childhood such as (sure start centers, along with support through financial means for the children
• The United Kingdom government also came about with policies that were area based (such as action zones and vice versa) Dahashi (Sharif,2021)

What is the nature of the response?

As stated earlier, despite the United Kingdom known to be the 5^th largest economy in the world, it has been reported that nearly one- fifth of its overall population (which accounts to about 14 million people) seems to be still living in poverty and also nearly about 1.5 million of the population of the United Kingdom is known to have gone through destitution in the year 2017. There are many causes or reasons for the occurrence of poverty in the United Kingdom, one such main reason is identified to be because of no education or very poor skills. People without a concrete skills or proper education in the United Kingdom, ends up struggling to find jobs which will further push them towards poverty. The impacts of which are- Problems relating to health, becoming perpetrators of crime, getting indulge in drugs and alcohol abuse, problems with regard to housing, unable to attend higher education and lastly, becoming a parent at young age (Yakubu,2021).

(Source: Irani,2021)

In order to eradicate and mitigate the occurrence of such poverty, the United Kingdom government have set up some policies and regulations between the years 1997 to 2010, which seems to be in effect till date. It is said that the Anti- poverty policies enacted by the United Kingdom government between the year 1997 to 2010, seems to have significantly succeeded in minimizing both the poverty related to children as well as poverty related to the pensioners (Irani,2021). However, it is stated that since most of the basis of the policies and regulations adopted by the United Kingdom government with regard to Anti- poverty policies was mainly focused on the children and the pensioners and therefore, it greatly failed to minimize inequality or even poverty in many other groups of the country (Bayliss,2021). However, in comparison with the United Kingdom, the Indian government initiative to eradicate poverty seems to be more robust and feasible. The Indian government even at present is coming up schemes such as (Jawahar Rozgae Yojana, the Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana- Gramin and vice versa) so as to fight poverty that is existing within the country unlike the United Kingdom government. Also, despite the policies enacted by the United Kingdom government in order to eradicate poverty related problems to affect children, according to a report that was published in the year 2021 states that nearly close to about 40 % of the country’s children population still seems to be living within the poverty line. The food banks seem to have proliferated in the recent years and it has also been reported that the number of homeless people and also number of people having rough sleep also seems to have been drastically increasing (DEPAIGNE,2021).

What are the barriers that prevent addressing the particular issue?

Despite the efforts made by the United Kingdom government in order to eradicate poverty from the United Kingdom, it seems to have somewhat failed to completely achieve its objective. Yes, undoubtedly efforts have been made from their ends (as in the United Kingdom government) but the government failed to come through with the setting up of a robustly centric feasible policies and regulations that could help fight and chase away poverty from the country from a holistic point of view. Some of the barriers that prevented the United Kingdom government from addressing the global issue regarding poverty with a more holistic approach are as follows-

• The country at present is very much focused on increasing the drive for vaccine so as to fight the crisis brought upon by the COVID- 19 lead pandemic. The United Kingdom at the moment is very much focused on injecting its citizens with the vaccine for immunity for its people that, it has kept the policies in order to eradicate poverty at the back of its plan (Yang,2021). The reason why, the government is so much focused on the vaccination drive is because the COVID- 19 lead crisis have totally affected the country’s economy as well as its socio- political relation with countries as such as China and therefore, the United government is in a hurry to revive its economy. And thus, COVID- 19 lead pandemic crisis is becoming a sort of barriers that is preventing the United Kingdom government from addressing the global poverty issue. However, unlike the United Kingdom, the economic barriers that the Indian government is facing is mostly attributed to low- income rate of the people and also because of the rise of increasing number of population within the country.
• Also, the United Government seems to be shading many lights into the global climate crisis so much so that the policies with regard to eradicating or minimizing poverty is not that significant of a deal for them. And thus, environmentally lead climate crisis is becoming a sort of barriers that is preventing the United Kingdom government from addressing the global poverty issue

Regional, socio political and economic issues faced by the United Kingdom with regard to poverty:

• Regional issues: When it comes to India, some of the regional issues that the country is facing with regard to eradicating the rise of poverty within the country is the poor supply or the lack of proper access of the people of the country with regard to nutritious food. However, when it comes to the United Kingdom, some of the regional barriers that the country is facing with regard to eradicating barriers are the discrimination faced by the poor people from the privileged people in the society and also the accessibility given to the poor people to partake in decision making.
• Socio political issues: When it comes to India, the socio- political issue that the country is facing with regard to eradicating poverty are- over population, gender inequality, child labor and vice versa. However, when it comes to the United Kingdom, the socio- political issue that the country is facing with regard to eradicating poverty are- obesity, rise in problems with regard to mental health and vice versa.
• Economic issues: When it comes to India, the economic issue that the country is facing with regard to eradicating poverty are- low- income, ever- growing population, huge dependency of the country in Agriculture alone and vice versa. However, when it comes to the United Kingdom, the economic issue that the country is facing with regard to eradicating poverty are rise in the number of unemployment as well as rise in inflation of the economy.

PATCH 4:

Consider the same issue from the perspective of the people and communities of the chosen country who are most affected by the social problem you have chosen (micro perspective). The literature you use here should reflect the voice of those affected (often related to the bottom up/ grass roots approach to policy implementation). What are the different agencies and organisations that are working on this issue, directly or indirectly at the local level? Discuss how these grass roots interventions compare to the international and national policies discussed in patch 2 and 3:

Brief description about the global social problem identified:

Poverty is seriously at the higher ranks among the social issue or among the social concern on the global context. It has been reported that nearly about 25 % of the world’s population is said to be directly affected by poverty. Many of the researchers concluded that most of the people in the world is said to be living in poverty. Nearly about 85 % of the population of the world is said to be living on less that an amount of € 30 Euro  on a day where nearly, two- third of the people of the world seems to be living on even less that an amount of €10 Euro  on a day and also, every tenth of the people seems to be living on less than an amount of € 1.90 Euro  on a day (Muhammad,2021).

Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, poverty has been said to be decreased in many parts of the developed countries (such as the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Japan and vice versa). The rise in the amount of production is said to have drastically minimized the cost of the goods and products making them more on the affordable end. However, despite that many of the people around the world is still said to be struggling to meet their daily ends meet. According to a report published by the World Bank in the year 2021, it is said that nearly about 711 million people seems to be still living in extreme level of poverty (which is known to equating about nearly 10 % of the world’s population). Also, the intervention from the COVID- 19 lead pandemic in the year 2020 till today is said to have plunge nearly about 100 million of the people into extreme level of poverty. Increase in poverty is likely to cause or increase many tensions in the society because of the rise in inequality which will further help in accelerating and aggravating the rates of crimes within the communities. Therefore, immediate actions should be taken in order to bring this global issue concern in control before it jeopardizes the society as a whole on the global context (Richards,2021).

Who are the people that are affected the most because of poverty?

Any one who is not economically stable or is not equipped with any robust skills are very much susceptible of being affected by poverty. However, the one’s or the group of people who poses the greatest risk of being affected the most because of poverty in both the chosen countries i.e., India and the United Kingdom are the one’s who have many mouths to feed but have very low income. Because when such scenarios arrived, it becomes quite difficult for the family to feed everyone with very little income. Life has a very unusual way of unfolding itself with time and therefore, situation such as unemployment, or the separation of the parent or prolong illness, low income and vice versa can totally messed up the financials status of anyone and everyone. Some of the group of people who are at the higher risk of facing extreme poverty are as follows-

• Families with many mouths to feed are one of the group of people who faced a greater risks of facing extreme level of poverty. The reason for such situational risk is because of the extra cost charge for molding the children. Also, as opposed to families having working parents, families who have only one working parent that too with low income is at a very high risk of facing extreme poverty.
• The next group of people are the pensioners or the retired individual. The reason being their means of earning becomes very narrow. On top of that their physical health also deteriorates because of weak and fragile body due to old age and therefore, if their family (As in children and grandchildren) don’t look after them then they have a greater of risk of falling into poverty.
• The next group of people are the people with disability or the people who are physically or mentally challenge. Because of their compromised health and physical attributes such people they tend to not be able to do the basic physical activities like the normal person or individual can do and hence, they have a higher risk of falling into poverty (Ruiz-Rivas,2022)

Causes of poverty in both the chosen country i.e., India and the United Kingdom (as identified from the grass- root level):

Some of the main causes of poverty in India as well as the United Kingdom are as follows-

• Rise in the population of the country
• Poor utilization of the available resources
• Low- yield of productivity in the agricultural sector
• Low literacy rate
• Rise in the rate of unemployment.
• No jobs or unemployment or working in companies that pays very fewer monthly dues. Such situation or circumstances in the United Kingdom ends up leading to savings that are inadequate.
• Another reason or cause for poverty in the United Kingdom is no education or very poor skills. People without a concrete skills or proper education in the United Kingdom, ends up struggling to find jobs which will further push them towards poverty
• High cost of living expenses. The standard of living in the United Kingdom is quite high and that is why people earning low might find it difficult to survive there

What are the different agencies and organisations that are working on this issue, directly or indirectly at the local level?

Some of the local organisations and agencies that are directly and indirectly working on eradicating poverty from both India and the United Kingdom are as follows-

• The Udaan foundation (started in the year 2009) in Mumbai is said to be a children’s NGO that helps in running a foundation in order to facilitate school education to children between the age of 4- 6 coming from low- income families who cannot afford to send children to school.
• The next agency is the Shraddhanand Mahilashram. It helps in providing shelter to the women above the age of 60 years.
• The Muslim hands is an international NGO that is based in the United Kingdom. The NGO is said to be operating in about 50 different countries all around the world. The main objective of the NGO is to remove and eradicate the poverty from the root level. The organisation is very much dedicated in supporting and serving the poor communities

Comparison between Grassroot intervention and to the international and national intervention discussed:

Grassroot intervention

International or national intervention

When it comes to local NGO’s and agencies and organisations, the situation is not the same. Such organisation is simply designed for the sole purpose. For example, in the case of the Udaan foundation, the foundation is solely created to eradicate poverty and therefore, it becomes much easier for the organisation to attend its objective. Also, global problems such as poverty usually originate from deeper liabilities and therefore, interventions from local NGO’s or agencies or organisations will help in easing down the issues pertaining to areas under whom, the organisation has been created. The process might be long but slowly and gradually the result or the outcome attended through such interventions from the NGO’s and the local agencies will definitely be fruitful.

Interventions and protection from the international as well as national policies are very much robust and undoubtedly effective and efficient. However, such type of interventions from such agencies usually fails to eradicate the problems from the grass root level. For example, the United Nation government’s initiatives to eradicate poverty was not holistically centric that they ended up failing to eradicate the poverty even from its basic focused areas. However, for the occurrence of such scenarios one cannot completely blame the government. The reason being, such national and international policies set up by the governments comes with a lot of barriers from both external and internal level and therefore, since they have many issues to take care of, they tend to neglect to address the issue to eradicate the poverty with a more holistic approach

Conclusion

According to the World Bank, over 711 million people continue to live in extreme poverty (equal to about 10% of the world’s population), which is a large proportion of the world’s total population. The COVID-19-led pandemic intervention from 2020 to the present has resulted in the predicament of about 100 million persons who have fallen into severe poverty as a direct result of the intervention, according to an additional estimate made in 2017. In the future, it is expected that growing inequality would result in or exacerbate a variety of social disputes, which will result in the acceleration and exacerbation of crime rates within communities in the short and medium term. As of 2021, according to a study issued by the United Nations Development Programme, more than 40% of the country’s child population continues to live in poverty, despite efforts made by the United Kingdom’s government to address poverty-related issues that impact children and their families. Food banks have grown dramatically in recent years, and reports have emerged that the number of homeless people and those who sleep on the streets has increased significantly as a result of this growth.

Reference:

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