Reflective Report Assignment Sample
Topic:
For the research, I have chosen the following research topic: Impact of leadership and HRM on employee performance and retention: The case of UK retail industry
Literature review
Key words and its significant in the research
The research would mainly make its foundation on the following keywords such as leadership, HRM, employee performance, retention, motivation and organizational growth.
As per the research topic, it can be understood that leadership is the main element, which impacts on the employee’s performance and their retention rates. Appropriate leadership styles which get followed in the organizations, majorly affect organizational performance and employees (Al Khajeh, 2018). Employees are the most potential assets of organizations and thus, the leaders need to apply appropriate leadership approaches such as transformational and others in order to make the employee feel comfortable while working and also assisting them in work.
Figure 1: Elements of leadership
(Source: Al Khajeh, 2018)
From the above figure, it can be stated that appropriate leadership also assists in providing employees with a sense of belonging in the organization. As opined by Donovan (2018), effective leadership eventually helps to bring forth change in companies efficiently. The attitude of the employees towards accepting change becomes flexible through effective leadership, which allows companies to ensure competitive advantage ahead of their rivals.
On the other hand, the keyword employee performance and HRM has been chosen as the whole application effective HRM is known to directly impact upon the performances of employees. Additionally, effective HRM on employee performance is essential for stabilizing companies in the market and increasing profitability (Mira et al. 2019). The success of a company majorly depends upon employee performances and their attitude towards work. Moreover, it can be understood that employees and their skills along with experiences are crucial for organizations. Thus, retention of employees is extensively mandatory for reducing cost on recruitment and organizational efficiency in comparison to other companies existing in the market. On the other hand, motivation is a factor, which allows the employees to gain momentum towards working. It also improves internal culture for working. As mentioned by Pathirana, (2019), culture is essential to make a healthy and prosperous working environment. Thus, incorporation of motivational tools such as bringing forth performance appraisal schemes, rewards, recognition, non-monetary benefits, training programs and others, which are dependable on HRM, can extensively impact on the employee’s performance as well as organizational growth.
Finally, the last key keyword that has been chosen for the literature is organizational growth. The whole concept of leadership, motivation, retention along with employee performance determines organizational growth (Paais and Pattiruhu, 2020). The primary vision of any organisation is to gain efficiencies through increasing revenues, which would alternatively assist in increasing profitability. Furthermore, through profitability, incorporation of corporate social responsibility programs would be feasible that would further assist in increasing the brand reputation, impact on organisational growth.
List of journal
Following sources would be used for making the research valid and supported by renowned authors.
| Resources | Implications |
| Udovita, V., 2020. Conceptual review on impact of leadership style on employee performance. International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI), 9(9), pp.16-23. | This journal has been specifically chosen for demonstrating the impact of leadership on employee performances. The journal would provide vast insight on the effective leadership styles that can be used in companies for enhancing efficiencies of employees. |
| Narayanan, A., Rajithakumar, S. and Menon, M., 2019. Talent management and employee retention: An integrative research framework. Human Resource Development Review, 18(2), pp.228-247. | The journal would assist in understanding the processes of talent management in the companies for increasing employee retention. Employees are essential for the businesses and thus their retention is crucial for gaining long term benefits. |
| Ahmed, A., Khan, M.A.M., Ahmad, Z. and Ahmad, S., 2022. IMPACT OF TRAINING ON EMPLOYEES RETENTION, PROFESSIONALISM AND SELF-EFFICIENCY. International Journal of Information, Business and Management, 14(1), pp.220-242. | This specific journal would significantly demonstrate the impacts of training on increasing employee retention, enhancing professionalism among the employees and self-sufficiency. Major positive impacts that can be brought forward with training would be analysed. |
| Bligh, M.C., Kohles, J.C. and Yan, Q., 2018. Leading and learning to change: the role of leadership style and mindset in error learning and organizational change. Journal of Change Management, 18(2), pp.116-141. | The journal would assist in understanding the role of leadership in bringing forth organisational change and enhance the mindset of employees towards learning from errors. |
Research question
Based on the research topic that has been chosen, I have formulated certain research questions to assist in gaining in depth understanding of the topic:
- What is the role of leadership towards organisational growth and its influence on employee performance and retention?
Research methodology
Research onion can be regarded as a useful tool for thinking holistically about the research. As per the suggestions of research onion, research strategies can include experimental research, action research, surveys, interviews, systematic literature review or a case study research (Saunders et al. 2015). On the other hand, it helps the research to understand what decision needs to be taken in terms of design of the research.
Research philosophy can be defined as the belief towards the ways that are used in gathering information about particular phenomena. Three types of research philosophies are present such as positivism, interpretivism and realism. For conducting this research, interpretivism research philosophy would be chosen, as the responses that would be gathered from the sources would be valid and close to the truth (Alharahsheh and Pius, 2020). Different organisations incorporate different leadership styles, as they see fit for their organisation. Thus, the scope of understanding is vast, as interpretivism would be extensively useful in gathering accurate insights of the people and their feelings that would help me to reach a concrete conclusion.
Research approach is basically referred to as the techniques and procedures, which are used in planning steps of the research systematically. Three types of research approach are present such as deductive, inductive and abductive. I would be using an inductive research approach due to its potential benefits over the others. Inductive research approach would assist in reaching towards the context, which would help in gathering insights from a close angle (Walter and Ophir, 2019). Additionally, an inductive approach is flexible in nature, which would support in understanding the ways leadership styles get chosen by organisations and also would allow to generate new theory from the gathered information.
Research design refers to the framework of market research techniques and methods. I would be using descriptive research design due to its advantages. Descriptive research design would help in analysing the research providing an in-depth analysis (Sahin and Mete, 2021). Leadership and management of employee performance is a vast concept and thus, in depth analysis is essential for gathering understandable insights.
Data collection methods that would be chosen for conducting this research, is a mixed method, which signifies data would be gathered from both primary and secondary sources. Secondary sources would include new articles, websites, journals and others. Analysing data collection methods is essential for reaching close to the concept of the research.
Data analysis can be referred to as analysing and interpretation of the gathered data for a deeper understanding of the research topic. For this research, primary and secondary qualitative data analysis processes would be chosen for getting a clear vision of the insights of the research topic through interview and thematic analysis respectively (Lowe et al. 2018).
Sampling can be referred to as a process, which is used in statistical analysis in which a predetermined number of observations are procured from a certain number of populations. Under probability sampling method, simple random sampling technique would be used where interviews of managers would be taken from a UK retail company. The managers of the company would be Finance Manager, Human Resource Manager and Operations Manager for gathering an in-depth knowledge about leadership and its impact over the organisational performance and retention of employees.
Ethical consideration can be referred to as a collection of certain values and principles that needs to be followed by the researcher for formulating valid and reliable research. Primarily, all the data gathered from secondary and primary sources would be procured from valid sources abiding by the Data Protection Act 2018 and no tampering with the data would be done for making the research picture perfect (Gov, 2022). Furthermore, all the gathered data would be stored in an encrypted folder in the university drive under password protection. After completion of the research, the folder would be permanently deleted for preventing the data from any harmful use or manipulation. Abiding by the ethics would assist in making the research accountable, reliable and valid for future purposes.
References
Ahmed, A., Khan, M.A.M., Ahmad, Z. and Ahmad, S., 2022. IMPACT OF TRAINING ON EMPLOYEES RETENTION, PROFESSIONALISM AND SELF-EFFICIENCY. International Journal of Information, Business and Management, 14(1), pp.220-242.
Alharahsheh, H.H. and Pius, A., 2020. A review of key paradigms: Positivism VS interpretivism. Global Academic Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2(3), pp.39-43.
Bligh, M.C., Kohles, J.C. and Yan, Q., 2018. Leading and learning to change: the role of leadership style and mindset in error learning and organizational change. Journal of Change Management, 18(2), pp.116-141.
Donovan, G.O., 2018. Creating a culture of partnership between Project Management and Change Management. Project Management World Journal, 7(1), pp.1-11.
Gov, 2022. Data Protection Act 2018. [Online]. Available at: <https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2018/12/contents/enacted> [Accessed on 7 March 2022]
Lowe, A., Norris, A.C., Farris, A.J. and Babbage, D.R., 2018. Quantifying thematic saturation in qualitative data analysis. Field methods, 30(3), pp.191-207.
Mira, M., Choong, Y. and Thim, C., 2019. The effect of HRM practices and employees’ job satisfaction on employee performance. Management Science Letters, 9(6), pp.771-786.
Narayanan, A., Rajithakumar, S. and Menon, M., 2019. Talent management and employee retention: An integrative research framework. Human Resource Development Review, 18(2), pp.228-247.
Paais, M. and Pattiruhu, J.R., 2020. Effect of motivation, leadership, and organizational culture on satisfaction and employee performance. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 7(8), pp.577-588.
Pathiranage, J., 2019. Organizational culture and business performance: an empirical study. International Journal of Economics and Management, 24(2), pp.264-278.
Sahin, S. and Mete, J., 2021. A Brief Study on Descriptive Research:: Its Nature and Application in Social Science. International Journal of Research and Analysis in Humanities, 1(1), pp.11-11.
Saunders, M.N., Lewis, P., Thornhill, A. and Bristow, A., 2015. Understanding research philosophy and approaches to theory development.
Udovita, V., 2020. Conceptual review on impact of leadership style on employee performance. International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI), 9(9), pp.16-23.
Walter, D. and Ophir, Y., 2019. News frame analysis: An inductive mixed-method computational approach. Communication Methods and Measures, 13(4), pp.248-266.
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