UF02-SSC-B Study Skills Assignment Sample
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Introduction
Epidemics due to infectious diseases have been a concern in the history of the world and humans have always fallen prey to it in initial periods. In the year 2019, Covid -19 or corona virus, the new pandemic caused by an unknown virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS CoV- 2. This disease mainly causes severe pneumonia and infects respiratory organs in the process. The Virus has also reported to be fatal due to its characteristics capability of causing respiratory system failure. Covid -19 has taken a terrifying role for human beings due to its fast-spreading nature and immense infectious power. As a result, human beings have been exposed to the virtual world for purposes of communication on a global basis. The present study describes the impacts of Covid-19 and it’s timing globally and, more specifically, in Australia. The study has primarily focused on the duration, nature, outbreak, modes of transmission and impacts of the Virus on the world. The impact of the pandemic on the Hospitality Sector has been taken into attention and discussions have been made accordingly.
Discussion on Covid-19 and its timing
The outbreak of novel corona virus (nCoV) has been treated as a “Public Health Emergency of International Concern” by World Health Organization. The first outbreak of coronavirus was reported on December 31, 2019, in Wuhan, a city in China. On 7th January 2020, both the Chinese government and WHO identified that this novel coronavirus belongs to the same family of SARS CoV-2, found in south China during 2002 -2003. Within one month, this virus spread across most of the regions of China and infected more than 7000 people in China. Confirmed COVID-19 increased 10-fold in less than a month, and it has been found that the number of infected cases was 10,000 in the first week of March while in 2nd April, the number became one million. Europe was also an epi-centre of this virus (Danon et al. 2020). Western Europe and North America accounted for more than two-thirds of these deaths. 7000 deaths were reported in Africa and nearly 44,000 in Latin America (Coronavirusexplained.ukri.org, 2020). Interestingly it is found that more than 90% of the global COVID-19 cases are outside of China; however, the origin of it was China.
In late January 2020, the first case of Covid-19 was found in Australia. With the sharp rise, it reached its peak position in early August 2020 and then it slowly declined. However, the third phase of the coronavirus, which is a contagious Delta variant, has grown to 128 cases in Sydney; thus, the present situation of Australia is most concerning (bbc.com, 2021).
On the other side, it is a fact that most challenges are faced by developing countries rather than developed countries during this crisis situation. Not only healthcare departments of the world are sinking in this situation, but also a global economic downturn is also observed as thus maximum developing and poor countries of Asia and the African continent. In order to stop the spread of coronavirus, a long term lockdown was announced by the governments of countries as suggested by WHO (Moreland et al., 2020).
Main Body
Process of taking place of this pandemic
In the very first stage, an outbreak has been termed an epidemic when a sudden number of cases seem to be increasing. Now, if the number of cases is rising day-by-day and have been found spreading all over the world or more than two countries can be expected to be termed as pandemic (Shaikhet al., 2021). Novel coronavirus or COVID-19 was declared a pandemic because it was found spreading in different nations due to the rising number of cases. People of the world was mainly under home-quarantine and lockdown and had an adverse impact on various industries but mostly on the tourism industry. China was the very first nation to suffer from this outbreak and as people moved around to and from various nations is being affected. Scientists and epidemiologists had to come along with the field surveys to understand the identifying characters of this particular virus and its severe effects (Shin et al., 2021). Communities and healthcare sectors were to be visited by them for data collection especially collected samples from nose and throat for clinical analysis.
The data collection identified factors like how the people were getting sick, and the exact places they belong to before getting sick, in which identification helped them to know which persons in the society are affected. Through this sample collection and clinical analysis, the scientists along with epidemiologists have found that it has possibly been spread from an animal sold in the market. Thus the identification of the virus as a coronavirus mostly causes the severe or acute respiratory syndrome. The newly discovered virus was the type of SARS-CoV and hence was called SARS-CoV-2 affecting in the year 2019 called coronavirus disease-2019 or COVID-19 to memorize its year of discovery (Oziliand Arun, 2020). On the 11th of March, 2020 World Health Organization (or WHO) declared the spread of coronavirus as pandemic when it has shown its impact over the world. The analysis was made by various techniques to confirm the severity of the outbreak like by meta-analysis or systematic review; cohort; controlled-cases and cross-sectional studies; identifying thoroughly the case series, reports, the sample size was chosen and a research design was also planned to complete the study which was finally explained by a mixed analysis (Foo et al., 2020).
Impact of Covid-19 on Hospitality Industry
Impact on Economy
Due to covid-19 situation all the tourism and travel industry has been restricted by the United Nations world tourism organization. A huge percentage has decreased which can be estimated by reduction in global economic growth in 2020 to a rate of -3.4% to -7.6%, which was followed by a recovery of 4.2% to 5.6% as expected for 2021. Global trade has fallen by 5.3% in 2020, but is expected to grow by 8.0% in 2021 (Fas.org, 2021). Global GDP also experienced a steep fall as most of the countries have restricted travel within their boundaries thus prohibiting foreign money to flow in. As the hospitality industry is related to the tourism and travel industry this is the reason the industry has been affected. As per the pandemic situation, all of these three industries have been affected a lot because of the prohibition of tourists. The most affected countries are India, Europe, and China by 30%, 33%, and 68% respectively (Davahli et al. 2020). There are few other countries also which have been affected by huge percentages according to economic aspects. Not only the financial factors have been affected but also the employment has faced a difficult situation because of the pandemic situation.
Decrease in job opportunities
The tourism and travel council of the world has warned to decrease job opportunities around 50 million jobs worldwide in the hospitality industry. Asia is expected to be the worst affected path in the world and the data has suggested that this recovery can take a huge time (Malhotra, 2021). A large part of labor has faced domestic mass immigration which has provided the front-line staff in the hotel industry to the native areas. As a result, huge loss in economic factors of the hospitality industry, around 30 to 50% of employees have been unemployed (Shaikh et al. 2021). This is the reason all the employees have shifted their industry from hospitality to others. Reversing the most important impact is one of the affecting factors because of the pandemic situation. This kind of situation has not been faced by the hospitality industry and following the rules and regulations which have been provided by the government are affecting the whole structure of the services in the hospitality industry.
Continuous Education and training
Continuous education and training need to be provided to the staff for handling this kind of situation as well as customers also. As the authority of the hospitality industry has not faced this kind of emergency this is the reason, they do not have any kind of experience for handling this. With extra skill and capabilities, the authority needs to focus on the training and education of their employees regarding online customer handling especially during the global pandemics (Youssef et al. 2020). After focusing on this kind of situation it can be said that in history the pandemic incident has occurred and the affecting factor is calculated in huge quantities. As per the global business scenario the impact cannot be measured instant, it can take time. The landscape of the hospitality industry has inclined from offline to online services and by focusing on social distancing the services need to be provided to the customers. With the help of following the strict rules and regulations decided by the government, the staff, as well as the authorities of the hospitality industry, is facing troubles (Davahli et al. 2020).
Strategies to reduce the impact of Covid-19
Maintaining safe distance in work premises
The Healthcare industry is the most effective area in the case of the COVID-19 pandemic. It has been found that the rate of contamination is high for health workers. In this respect spreading proper awareness in the health care industry both for patients and health workers are important to reduce the impact of COVID-19 in health care industry. It has been found that there is a huge gap of employees in healthcare organizations due to the outbreak of COVID-19 (Shahbaz et al. 2020). The panic for family members as well as for employees themselves is one of the effective reason and that made patients face huge problems in the healthcare industry. In this respect, proper awareness of using PPE kits for employees as well as maintaining a safe distance is effective for reducing the impact of COIVID-19 in the healthcare industry.
Launching different health packages for Covid patients
Health package for COVID patients would be one of the strategic managements for the healthcare industry for the treatment of COVID patients. In this respect, there need to allocate a separate department for COVID treatment and that would be effective for less contamination of Corona virus. Health packages for Covid patients would generally grab the interest of COVID patient parties so that they could proceed with their treatment with low cost and high-quality treatment. These packages would make people trusted for this industry so that they could feel safe for their patients (Bhambere et al. 2021). These packages would be effective for both patients and organizations too as these packages would be effective for better revenue earning for the organization as well as specialized treatment for patients.
Improving health and safety policies for workers
Health and safety policies for health care workers would be one of the major strategic initiatives and that could bring the health workers back for this industry. It has been found that proper policy implications for the healthcare industry especially for doctors and nurses would be effective for their proper treatment. It is true that they are the front-line employees to be affected by this disease and that is effective for the lifetime risk of both employees and their families. In this respect, the healthcare industry needs to imply special healthcare policies for employees treating COVID patients (Dubeyet al. 2020). It would not only made them safe but also proceed with their work engagement in a better way. Moreover, it could be stated that better health and safety policies for employees not only satisfy health workers but also become effective for reducing the impact of COV ID-19 in the healthcare industry.
Better Supply chain management
Better supply chain management in the healthcare industry is one of the effects of initiatives to rescue th impact of the COVID-19. Popper management of inventory for PPE kits and equipment for COVID- treatment is effective to handle any kind of emergency situation of both patients and employees. Moreover, it could be stated that better supply chain management would generate huge benefits for the healthcare industry for further proceeding with growth and development as well as to maintain the previous reputation.However, travel restrictions were also imposed by the government themselves which can be acting as an economic stimulus to sustain in this challenging time. Therefore, it can be said that maintaining safety measures can cure the world and its living beings.
Conclusion
The study summarizes how novel coronavirus came into existence and affected a huge amount of people throughout the world and various business industries. The study reveals the impact on the hospitality industry by reflecting on brief descriptive and analytical discussions on the timing of covid-19; how it was declared as pandemic; several hazardous impacts on the hospitality industry and various strategies to reduce the effect and control spreading. The hospitality industry is one of the vital economically growing industries for nations which help in supporting the nation. Tourists from several parts of the world were canceling bookings and dropping their plans for travel to resist the spreading of the virus.
References
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Coronavirusexplained.ukri.org, 2020.Coronavirus: the science explained. Available at: https://coronavirusexplained.ukri.org/en/ [Accessed on: 07.08.2021]
Danon, L., Brooks-Pollock, E., Bailey, M. and Keeling, M.J., 2020. A spatial model of CoVID-19 transmission in England and Wales: early spread and peak timing. MedRxiv.
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